Plasma concentrations of itraconazole following a single oral dose in juvenile California sea lions (Zalophus californianus)
| Autor: | Gregory N. Scott, Cara L. Field, Craig A. Harms, Mark G. Papich |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Antifungal Agents Zalophus californianus 040301 veterinary sciences Itraconazole Administration Oral 030308 mycology & parasitology 0403 veterinary science Single oral dose 03 medical and health sciences Animal science Pharmacokinetics Species Specificity Medicine Juvenile Animals Sea lion Pharmacology 0303 health sciences General Veterinary biology business.industry 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences biology.organism_classification Sea Lions Target dose Plasma concentration Female business medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeuticsREFERENCES. 43(4) |
| ISSN: | 1365-2885 |
| Popis: | The objective of this study was to establish a single-dose pharmacokinetic profile for orally administered itraconazole in California sea lions (Zalophus californianus). Twenty healthy rehabilitated juvenile California sea lions were included in this study. Itraconazole capsules were administered orally with food at a target dose of 5-10 mg/kg. Blood samples were collected from each animal at 0 hr and at two of the following timepoints: 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hr. Quantitative analysis of itraconazole in plasma samples was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography. An average maximum concentration of 0.22 µg/ml ± 0.11 was detected 4 hr after administration. The average concentration fell to 0.12 µg/ml ± 0.11 by 6 hr and 0.02 µg/ml ± 0.02 at 12 hr. At no point did concentrations reach 0.5 µg/ml, the concentration commonly accepted for therapeutic efficacy. While this formulation was well tolerated by the sea lions, oral absorption was poor and highly variable among individuals. These data indicate that a single oral dose of itraconazole given as a capsule at 5-10 mg/kg, under the conditions used in this study, does not achieve therapeutic plasma concentrations in California sea lions. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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