Genome evolution of blind subterranean mole rats: Adaptive peripatric versus sympatric speciation
| Autor: | Alexandra Weyrich, Xiaoying Song, Matěj Lövy, Leonid Brodsky, Kexin Li, Vladimir Frenkel, Haihong Cui, Na Wan, Avi Titievsky, Xi Liu, Yinjia Wang, Julia Panov, Jianquan Liu, Eviatar Nevo, Shangzhe Zhang |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Gene Flow
Male 0106 biological sciences 0301 basic medicine Sympatry Genome evolution Reproductive Isolation DNA Copy Number Variations Adaptation Biological Biology Polymorphism Single Nucleotide 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Genome Linkage Disequilibrium Epigenesis Genetic Evolution Molecular 03 medical and health sciences Effective population size Animals Israel Multidisciplinary Genetic Variation Peripatric speciation Cline (biology) Reproductive isolation Biological Sciences Biological Evolution Genetics Population 030104 developmental biology Evolutionary biology Sympatric speciation Spalax |
| Zdroj: | Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A |
| ISSN: | 1091-6490 0027-8424 |
| Popis: | Speciation mechanisms remain controversial. Two speciation models occur in Israeli subterranean mole rats, genus Spalax: a regional speciation cline southward of four peripatric climatic chromosomal species and a local, geologic-edaphic, genic, and sympatric speciation. Here we highlight their genome evolution. The five species were separated into five genetic clusters by single nucleotide polymorphisms, copy number variations (CNVs), repeatome, and methylome in sympatry. The regional interspecific divergence correspond to Pleistocene climatic cycles. Climate warmings caused chromosomal speciation. Triple effective population size, N(e), declines match glacial cold cycles. Adaptive genes evolved under positive selection to underground stresses and to divergent climates, involving interspecies reproductive isolation. Genomic islands evolved mainly due to adaptive evolution involving ancient polymorphisms. Repeatome, including both CNV and LINE1 repetitive elements, separated the five species. Methylation in sympatry identified geologically chalk-basalt species that differentially affect thermoregulation, hypoxia, DNA repair, P53, and other pathways. Genome adaptive evolution highlights climatic and geologic-edaphic stress evolution and the two speciation models, peripatric and sympatric. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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