Balance control during gait initiation: State-of-the-art and research perspectives
| Autor: | Jean Louis Honeine, Arnaud Delafontaine, Eric Yiou, Teddy Caderby, Paul Fourcade |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Complexité, Innovation, Activités Motrices et Sportives (CIAMS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Ingénierie, Recherche et Intervention, Sport Santé et Environnement (IRISSE), Université de La Réunion (UR) |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
medicine.medical_treatment Psychological intervention Poison control Review Anticipatory postural adjustments Task (project management) 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Gait (human) Physical medicine and rehabilitation Injury prevention medicine Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Biomechanics [PHYS.MECA.BIOM]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph] Balance (ability) Rehabilitation business.industry Leg stiffness Foot placement 030229 sport sciences Lateral ankle strategy Dynamic stability Foot strike pattern Vertical center of mass braking Gait initiation Balance control business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | World Journal of Orthopedics World Journal of Orthopedics, Baishideng Publishing Group, 2017, 8 (11), pp.815-828. ⟨10.5312/wjo.v8.i11.815⟩ |
| ISSN: | 2218-5836 |
| DOI: | 10.5312/wjo.v8.i11.815⟩ |
| Popis: | It is well known that balance control is affected by aging, neurological and orthopedic conditions. Poor balance control during gait and postural maintenance are associated with disability, falls and increased mortality. Gait initiation - the transient period between the quiet standing posture and steady state walking - is a functional task that is classically used in the literature to investigate how the central nervous system (CNS) controls balance during a whole-body movement involving change in the base of support dimensions and center of mass progression. Understanding how the CNS in able-bodied subjects exerts this control during such a challenging task is a pre-requisite to identifying motor disorders in populations with specific impairments of the postural system. It may also provide clinicians with objective measures to assess the efficiency of rehabilitation programs and better target interventions according to individual impairments. The present review thus proposes a state-of-the-art analysis on: (1) the balance control mechanisms in play during gait initiation in able bodied subjects and in the case of some frail populations; and (2) the biomechanical parameters used in the literature to quantify dynamic stability during gait initiation. Balance control mechanisms reviewed in this article included anticipatory postural adjustments, stance leg stiffness, foot placement, lateral ankle strategy, swing foot strike pattern and vertical center of mass braking. Based on this review, the following viewpoints were put forward: (1) dynamic stability during gait initiation may share a principle of homeostatic regulation similar to most physiological variables, where separate mechanisms need to be coordinated to ensure stabilization of vital variables, and consequently; and (2) rehabilitation interventions which focus on separate or isolated components of posture, balance, or gait may limit the effectiveness of current clinical practices. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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