The central role of Italy in the spatial spread of USUTU virus in Europe
| Autor: | Adelaide Milani, S. Ravagnan, Isabella Monne, Alice Michelutti, Luisa Barzon, G. Capelli, Silvia Ormelli, Alice Fusaro, C Mavian, Federica Toniolo, Alessia Schivo, Bianca Zecchin |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Lineage (evolution)
diffusion dynamics Context (language use) Microbiology Arbovirus 03 medical and health sciences Virology Culex pipiens medicine AcademicSubjects/MED00860 Evolutionary dynamics 030304 developmental biology 0303 health sciences USUTU virus biology Phylogenetic tree 030306 microbiology AcademicSubjects/SCI01130 AcademicSubjects/SCI02285 evolutionary analysis North-eastern biology.organism_classification medicine.disease 3. Good health Geography Italy Evolutionary biology Enzootic Usutu virus Research Article |
| Zdroj: | Virus Evolution |
| Popis: | USUTU virus (USUV) is an arbovirus maintained in the environment through a bird–mosquito enzootic cycle. Previous surveillance plans highlighted the endemicity of USUV in North-eastern Italy. In this work, we sequenced 138 new USUV full genomes from mosquito pools (Culex pipiens) and wild birds collected in North-eastern Italy and we investigated the evolutionary processes (phylogenetic analysis, selection pressure and evolutionary time-scale analysis) and spatial spread of USUV strains circulating in the European context and in Italy, with a particular focus on North-eastern Italy. Our results confirmed the circulation of viruses belonging to four different lineages in Italy (EU1, EU2, EU3 and EU4), with the newly sequenced viruses from the North-eastern regions, Veneto and Friuli Venezia Giulia, belonging to the EU2 lineage and clustering into two different sub-lineages, EU2-A and EU2-B. Specific mutations characterize each European lineage and geographic location seem to have shaped their phylogenetic structure. By investigating the spatial spread in Europe, we were able to show that Italy acted mainly as donor of USUV to neighbouring countries. At a national level, we identified two geographical clusters mainly circulating in Northern and North-western Italy, spreading both northward and southward. Our analyses provide important information on the spatial and evolutionary dynamics of USUTU virus that can help to improve surveillance plans and control strategies for this virus of increasing concern for human health. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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