Analytical Fingerprint of Wolframite Ore Concentrates
| Autor: | Simon Goldmann, Hans-Eike Gäbler, Wilhelm Schink, B S Andreas Bahr, Timo Gawronski |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
education.field_of_study
Wolframite Mineral Chemistry Sample (material) 010401 analytical chemistry Fingerprint (computing) Population Ore concentrate Mineralogy chemistry.chemical_element Tungsten engineering.material Artisanal mining 010502 geochemistry & geophysics 01 natural sciences 0104 chemical sciences Pathology and Forensic Medicine Genetics engineering education 0105 earth and related environmental sciences |
| Zdroj: | Journal of forensic sciences. 62(4) |
| ISSN: | 1556-4029 |
| Popis: | Ongoing violent conflicts in Central Africa are fueled by illegal mining and trading of tantalum, tin, and tungsten ores. The credibility of document-based traceability systems can be improved by an analytical fingerprint applied as an independent method to confirm or doubt the documented origin of ore minerals. Wolframite (Fe,Mn)WO4 is the most important ore mineral for tungsten and is subject to artisanal mining in Central Africa. Element concentrations of wolframite grains analyzed by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry are used to establish the analytical fingerprint. The data from ore concentrate samples are multivariate, not normal or log-normal distributed. The samples cannot be regarded as representative aliquots of a population. Based on the Kolmogorov–Smirnov distance, a measure of similarity between a sample in question and reference samples from a database is determined. A decision criterion is deduced to recognize samples which do not originate from the declared mine site. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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