West Nile virus-specific immunoglobulin isotype responses in vaccinated and infected horses
| Autor: | Sarah M. Khatibzadeh, Carvel Gold, Alison Keggan, Bettina Wagner, Amy L. Glaser, Gillian A. Perkins, Edward J. Dubovi |
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| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Canarypox West Nile virus animal diseases viruses Immunoglobulin Isotypes Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Biology medicine.disease_cause Antibodies Viral Neutralization test medicine Animals Horses General Veterinary Vaccination Antibody titer virus diseases Viral Vaccines General Medicine biology.organism_classification Virology nervous system diseases Antibody response Immunoglobulin G Immunology Antibody Formation biology.protein Female Horse Diseases Antibody West Nile Fever |
| Zdroj: | American journal of veterinary research. 76(1) |
| ISSN: | 1943-5681 |
| Popis: | OBJECTIVE To compare antibody responses of horses naturally infected with West Nile virus (WNV) and those vaccinated against WNV, to identify whether vaccination interferes with the ability to diagnose WNV infection, and to determine the duration of antibody responses after vaccination. SAMPLE Sera from horses naturally infected with WNV (n = 10) and adult WNV-naïve horses before and after vaccination with a live canarypox virus–vectored vaccine (7) or a killed virus vaccine (8). PROCEDURES An established WNV IgM capture ELISA was used to measure IgM responses. Newly developed capture ELISAs were used to measure responses of 8 other WNV-specific immunoglobulin isotypes. A serum neutralization assay was used to determine anti-WNV antibody titers. RESULTS WNV-specific IgM responses were typically detected in the sera of WNV-infected horses but not in sera of horses vaccinated against WNV. Natural infection with and vaccination against WNV induced an immunoglobulin response that was primarily composed of IgG1. West Nile virus–specific IgG1 was detected in the sera of most horses 14 days after vaccination. Serum anti-WNV IgG1 and neutralizing antibody responses induced by the killed-virus vaccines were higher and lasted longer than did those induced by the live canarypox virus–vectored vaccine. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE On the basis of these findings, we recommend that horses be vaccinated against WNV annually near the beginning of mosquito season, that both IgM and IgG1 responses against WNV be measured to distinguish between natural infection and vaccination, and that a WNV IgG1 ELISA be used to monitor anti-WNV antibodies titers in vaccinated horses. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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