Psychological distress measured by the GHQ-12 and mortality: a prospective population-based study
| Autor: | Pekka Mäntyselkä, Mauno Vanhala, Pekka Johannes Puustinen, Hannu Kautiainen, Hannu Koponen |
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| Rok vydání: | 2011 |
| Předmět: |
Gerontology
Adult Male Population Health Behavior Sex Factors Risk Factors Cause of Death Surveys and Questionnaires Medicine Humans Prospective Studies education Prospective cohort study Socioeconomic status Finland Cause of death education.field_of_study business.industry Hazard ratio Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health General Medicine Middle Aged Confidence interval Socioeconomic Factors Female General Health Questionnaire business Body mass index Stress Psychological Demography Follow-Up Studies |
| Zdroj: | Scandinavian journal of public health. 39(6) |
| ISSN: | 1651-1905 |
| Popis: | Aims: To examine whether persons with psychological distress have a greater risk of all-cause mortality in the Scandinavian population; whether this association is gender-specific; and what is the influence of socioeconomic status, body mass index (BMI) and health behaviour in this association. Methods: A total of 923 (414 male and 509 female) people, aged 36 to 56 years, participated in a population-based study from 1997—98 in Pieksämäki, Finland. Psychological distress was measured using the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). The GHQ-12 points were summed to a global score ranging from 0—12. Mortality data until 31 December 2009 were drawn from the national mortality register. Results: There were 44 death events (27 men, 17 women) during the mean observation time of 11 years. The hazard ratio (HR) increased by 16% for every GHQ-12 point (gender and age adjusted HR 1.16, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.07—1.25, p < 0.001). In the fully adjusted model with gender, age, socioeconomic status, BMI, smoking and physical activity, HR was 1.13 (95% CI: 1.04—1.22, p = 0.003). In men, the 10-year survival for distressed (GHQ-12 score ≥4) participants was 84% (95% CI: 73— 91) and for non-distressed (GHQ-12 score 0—3) participants it was 96% (95% CI: 93—97), HR = 3.38 (95% CI: 1.55—7.39, p = 0.002). Among women, no significant association was found. Conclusions: Psychological distress measured by the GHQ-12 is associated with all-cause mortality risk during an 11-year observation time. This is mainly due to excess mortality among distressed men. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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