Functional and effective reorganization of the aging brain during unimanual and bimanual hand movements
| Autor: | Sylvain Baillet, Guiomar Niso, Georgios D. Mitsis, Michalis Kassinopoulos, Alba Xifra-Porxas, Sara Larivière, Marie-Hélène Boudrias |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Aging Medicina Movement Brain Structure and Function 050105 experimental psychology Task (project management) 03 medical and health sciences Young Adult 0302 clinical medicine medicine Aging brain Humans 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging Research Articles Aged Informática Telecomunicaciones Radiological and Ultrasound Technology medicine.diagnostic_test Mechanism (biology) 05 social sciences Motor control Flexibility (personality) Brain Magnetoencephalography Neurophysiology Hand Neurology Female Electrónica Neurology (clinical) Anatomy Psychology Neuroscience 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Psychomotor Performance |
| Zdroj: | Human Brain Mapping, ISSN 1065-9471, 2019-07, Vol. 40, No. 10 Archivo Digital UPM Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Hum Brain Mapp |
| Popis: | Motor performance decline observed during aging is linked to changes in brain structure and function, however, the precise neural reorganization associated with these changes remains largely unknown. We investigated the neurophysiological correlates of this reorganization by quantifying functional and effective brain network connectivity in elderly individuals (n = 11; mean age = 67.5 years), compared to young adults (n = 12; mean age = 23.7 years), while they performed visually‐guided unimanual and bimanual handgrips inside the magnetoencephalography (MEG) scanner. Through a combination of principal component analysis and Granger causality, we observed age‐related increases in functional and effective connectivity in whole‐brain, task‐related motor networks. Specifically, elderly individuals demonstrated (i) greater information flow from contralateral parietal and ipsilateral secondary motor regions to the left primary motor cortex during the unimanual task and (ii) decreased interhemispheric temporo‐frontal communication during the bimanual task. Maintenance of motor performance and task accuracy in elderly was achieved by hyperactivation of the task‐specific motor networks, reflecting a possible mechanism by which the aging brain recruits additional resources to counteract known myelo‐ and cytoarchitectural changes. Furthermore, resting‐state sessions acquired before and after each motor task revealed that both older and younger adults maintain the capacity to adapt to task demands via network‐wide increases in functional connectivity. Collectively, our study consolidates functional connectivity and directionality of information flow in systems‐level cortical networks during aging and furthers our understanding of neuronal flexibility in motor processes. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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