Immunohistochemical Detection of Toll-Like Receptor-2, -4 and -9 in Exocrine Glands Associated with Rat Alimentary Tract
| Autor: | Youhei Mantani, Takashi Takeuchi, Kankanam Gamage Sanath Udayanga, Toshifumi Yokoyama, Hiroshi Kitagawa, Aosa Kamezaki, Ei-ichirou Takahara, Junichi Kawano, Nobuhiko Hoshi, Yuh Yokoo |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2012 |
| Předmět: |
Paneth Cells
medicine.medical_specialty Exocrine gland Ileum Lacrimal gland Biology Gram-Positive Bacteria digestive system Harderian gland Exocrine Glands Gastric glands Internal medicine medicine Animals Toll-like receptor General Veterinary Sublingual gland Epithelial Cells Immunohistochemistry Molecular biology Toll-Like Receptor 2 Small intestine Rats Toll-Like Receptor 4 medicine.anatomical_structure Endocrinology Toll-Like Receptor 9 Digestive System |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Veterinary Medical Science. 74:1429-1438 |
| ISSN: | 1347-7439 0916-7250 |
| DOI: | 10.1292/jvms.12-0146 |
| Popis: | Localization of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the exocrine glands associated with the rat alimentary tract was immunohistochemically studied using anti-TLR antibodies. TLR-2, -4 and -9 were detected in the secretory granules of acinar cells or the luminal substances of the gustatory gland, extraorbital lacrimal gland, Harderian gland, proper gastric gland and pancreas. TLR-2 and -9 were also detected in the mucous acinar cells of the sublingual gland. Positivity for all TLRs was found in the striated borders of columnar epithelial cells and the luminal substances of the intestinal crypts throughout the small intestine, and also in the goblet cells throughout the large intestine. Only TLR-4 was detected in the secretory granules of Paneth cells. A reduction of TLR-4-positive secretory granules and the formation of TLR-4-positive vacuoles were found in the ileal Paneth cells under the hyper-proliferation of indigenous bacteria. In the apical to middle intervillous portions of the ileum, Gram-positive bacterial colonies were significantly more abundant than Gram-negative bacterial colonies, whereas this difference disappeared in the basal intervillous portions. These findings suggest that there are distribution differences in the secretory sources of soluble TLRs that possibly neutralize their luminal ligands, in the rat alimentary tract. Therefore, the bacterial ligand-recognition system composed of the membranous TLRs of villous columnar epithelial cells and soluble TLRs from crypt epithelial cells might contribute to host defense mechanisms for the selective elimination of Gram-positive bacteria rather than Gram-negative bacteria in the rat small intestine. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|