Salt grains in hypervelocity impacts in the laboratory: Methods to sample plumes from the ice worlds Enceladus and Europa

Autor:	Mark C. Price, Mark J. Burchell, Callum R. Fisher
Rok vydání:	2021
Předmět:	chemistry.chemical_classification Projectile Magnesium Mineralogy Salt (chemistry) chemistry.chemical_element Geophysics chemistry Impact crater Space and Planetary Science Aluminium Hypervelocity Anhydrous Environmental science QB651 Enceladus
Zdroj:	Meteoritics & Planetary Science. 56:1652-1668
ISSN:	1945-5100 1086-9379
Popis:	The plumes naturally erupting from the icy satellite Enceladus were sampled by the Cassini spacecraft in high-speed fly-bys, which gave evidence of salt. This raises the question of how salt behaves under high-speed impact, and how it can best be sampled in future missions to such plumes. We present the results of 35 impacts onto aluminum targets by a variety of salts (NaCl, NaHCO3, MgSO4, and MgSO4·7H2O) at speeds from 0.26 to 7.3 km s−1. Using SEM-EDX, identifiable projectile residue was found in craters at all speeds. It was possible to distinguish NaCl and NaHCO3 from each other, and from the magnesium sulfates, but not to separate the hydrous from anhydrous magnesium sulfates. Raman spectroscopy on the magnesium sulfates and NaHCO3 residues failed to find a signal at low impact speeds (
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
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