Endogenous lipid antigens for invariant Natural Killer T cells hold the reins in adipose tissue homeostasis

Autor: Marianne Boes, Henk S. Schipper, Olga Krabbe, Robert J. van Eijkeren, Eric Kalkhoven
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2018
Předmět:
Zdroj: Immunology, 153(2), 179. Wiley-Blackwell
ISSN: 0019-2805
DOI: 10.1111/imm.12839
Popis: The global obesity epidemic and its associated co-morbidities, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and certain types of cancers, have drawn attention to the pivotal role of adipocytes in health and disease. Besides their 'classical' function in energy storage and release, adipocytes interact with adipose-tissue resident immune cells, among which lipid-responsive invariant Natural Killer T (iNKT) cells. iNKT cells are activated by lipid antigens presented by antigen-presenting cells (APC) as CD1d/lipid complexes. Upon activation, iNKT cells can rapidly secrete soluble mediators that either promote or oppose inflammation. In lean adipose tissue, iNKT cells elicit a predominantly anti-inflammatory immune response, while obesity is associated with declining iNKT cell numbers. Recent work showed that adipocytes act as non-professional APC for lipid antigens. Here, we discuss endogenous lipid antigen processing and presentation by adipocytes, and speculate on how these lipid antigens together with 'environmental factors' such as tissue/organ environment and co-stimulatory signals are able to influence the fate of AT-resident iNKT cells, and thereby the role of these cells in obesity and its associated pathologies. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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