Tenodera sinensis Saussure 1871

Autor: Herhold, Hollister W, Davis, Steven R, Degrey, Samuel P, Grimaldi, David A
Rok vydání: 2023
Předmět:
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7733274
Popis: Tenodera sinensis “Chinese mantis” Figures 97, 98 (lateral, anterior, posterior); 99, 100 (dorsal, anterior, posterior); 101, 102 (ventral, anterior, posterior) Plates 58 (lateral), 59 (dorsal), 60 (ventral) DESCRIPTION: Pronotum, metathorax, and anterior portion of abdomen with air-filled spaces, likely alimentary canal and transient as not connected to tracheae (see fig. 103). HEAD: Tracheae leading to appendages are labeled; however, the head of Tenodera features a complex network of intersecting tracheae and air sacs. Readers are encouraged to review the 3D models in the supplementary digital data. THORAX: Thorax with numerous elongate, bandlike visceral tracheae throughout, often obscuring views. Exploration of 3D models in digital supplementary data is encouraged. T 2- S positioned posterior to characteristically elongate pronotum, with four branches, crowded close together: T 2-DB, T 2-VB, H-DCT, H-VCT. T 2-DB runs mediad and slightly dorsad, with split off to T 2- AWL posteriad; T 2-DB continues briefly before joining T 1- DLT anteriad and T 2- DLT posteriad in Y-shaped junction. T 2- DLT running in shallow arc ventrad, with unusual condition of linking with T 3- S via connection to T 2- PL. T 2- AWL arcing dorsally and posteriad, with T 2-Wbr branching dorsad at apex of curve; T 2- AWL continues as T 2- AL, extending posteriad into midleg; T 2-Wbr with dorsad T 2-W-c-r branch, remaining T 2-Wbr connecting to T 2- PWL from T 3- S. T 2-VB short, running directly anteriad, bifurcating into T 1- PL anteriad and T 2- VLT posteriad; T 2-VC likely present off T 2- VLT; T 1- PL extending through mesothorax and prothorax with ventral curve into foreleg at base of forecoxa. T 2-VL branching close to origin of T 2- VLT, extending straight through coxa into midleg. H-DCT beginning ventrad and H-VCT dorsad, opposite of usual arrangement; both tracheae extending directly anteriad, switching dorsoventrally to typical positions at anterior margin of mesothorax. (See Discussion section for homology assessment of these tracheae.) H-VCT with T 1- AL running ventrad just anterior of dorsoventral H-DCT/H-VCT switch. T 3- S with n connections: T 3-DB, T 3- AWL, T 3-VB, T 2- PWL. T 3-DB mediad, curving dorsally and posteriad as T 3- DLT, connecting directly to A 2- S with no connection to A 1- S; A 1-DB absent. T 3- AWL runs just lateral of T 3-DB, arcing posteriad, with T 3-Wbr branch; remaing T 3- AWL continuing as T 3- AL into hind leg. T 3-Wbr with T 3-W-c-r, continuing posteriad to connect to A 1- S via T 3- PWL. T 3-VB runs ventrad and posteriad, connecting with A 1- S via T 3- VLT; T 3-VL branching from T 3- VLT close to T 3- S. T 2- PWL short, extending anteriad, splitting into T 3- PL ventrad and T 2-Wbr anteriorly. Metathorax with several networked visceral tracheal branches, especially along venter; most notable is T 3-Ty for hearing. (Additional tracheae of unknown homology enter the legs, similar to Blattodea [roaches], which require further investigation.) ABDOMEN: A 1..8- S present and functional. A 1- S connections atypical from remaing spiracles; A 1- S with only two connections: T 3- PWL and A 1-VB. A 1-DB absent; A 1-MLT possible but not discernible in this scan. T 3- PWL runs from anterior, linking with T 3- S via T 3-Wbr. A 1-VB ventrad, following sternite, forming A 1-VC; T 3- VLT joining with A 1-VB, A 1- VLT extending posteriad from T 3-VC. T 3-VL branching from A 1-VC. Remaining A 2..8- S connections largely similar, with A n -DB extending dorsad, joining with A n - DLT; A n -MLT extending anterior-posteriorly through length of abdomen; and A n -VB ventrad, joining with A n - VLT. Nearly all tracheae bandlike, with visceral branches throughout abdomen. A 4- S and A 5- S with numerous sinusoidal visceral tracheae.
Published as part of Herhold, Hollister W, Davis, Steven R, Degrey, Samuel P & Grimaldi, David A, 2023, COMPARATIVE ANATOMY OF THE INSECT TRACHEAL SYSTEM PART 1: INTRODUCTION, APTERYGOTES, PALEOPTERA, POLYNEOPTERA, pp. 1-184 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 459 (1) on pages 1-184, DOI: 10.5531/sd.sp.55, http://zenodo.org/record/7730159
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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