Arsenic and Human Health: Genotoxicity, Epigenomic Effects, and Cancer Signaling

Autor: Mirza Hasanuzzaman, Munir Ozturk, Mahnoor Ejaz, Lutfunnahar Nibir, Volkan Altay, Kamuran Nahar, Andleep Bukhari, Mert Metin, Tomonori Kawano, Rouf Ahmad Bhat, Alvina Gul, Bengu Turkyilmaz Unal, Moonisa Aslam Dervash
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2022
Předmět:
Epigenomics
Cell signaling
Histone H3 Phosphoacetylation
Endocrinology
Diabetes and Metabolism
Clinical Biochemistry
Physiology
Arsenic poisoning
010501 environmental sciences
medicine.disease_cause
01 natural sciences
Biochemistry
Human health
chemistry.chemical_compound
Early-Life Exposure
Neoplasms
Sodium Arsenite
Arsenic trioxide
Potential Involvement
Inflammatory Responses
Cancer
0303 health sciences
integumentary system
030302 biochemistry & molecular biology
Heavy-Metals
General Medicine
Toxicity
inorganic chemicals
Monomethylarsonous Acid
chemistry.chemical_element
Biology
Arsenic
Inorganic Chemistry
Oxidative Dna-Damage
03 medical and health sciences
Arsenic Poisoning
medicine
Animals
Humans
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Gene-Expression Changes
Mechanism (biology)
Biochemistry (medical)
Environmental Exposure
medicine.disease
chemistry
Unfolded Protein Response
Genotoxicity
Popis: Arsenic is a well-known element because of its toxicity. Humans as well as plants and animals are negatively affected by its exposure. Some countries suffer from high levels of arsenic in their tap water and soils, which is considered a primary arsenic-linked risk factor for living beings. Humans generally get exposed to arsenic by contaminated drinking waters, resulting in many health problems, ranging from cancer to skin diseases. On the other hand, the FDA-certified drug arsenic trioxide provides solutions for various diseases, including several types of cancers. This issue emphasizes the importance of speciation of the metalloid elements in terms of impacts on health. When species get exposed to arsenic, it affects the cells altering their involvement. It can lead to abnormalities in inflammatory mechanisms and the immune system which contribute to the negative impacts generated on the body. The poisoning originating from arsenic gives rise to various biological signs on the body which can be useful for the diagnosis. It is important to find true biomarkers for the detection of arsenic poisoning. In view of its application in medicine and biology, studies on understanding the biological activity of arsenic have increased. In this review, we aim at summarizing the current state of knowledge of arsenic and the mechanism behind its toxicity including genotoxicity, oxidative insults, epigenomic changes, and alterations in cellular signaling.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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