Anaerobic Degradation of Benzene and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
| Autor: | Matthias Boll, Anne M. Himmelberg, Xiyang Dong, Philip Weyrauch, Paola Cunha Tarouco, Rainer U. Meckenstock, Housna Mouttaki, Janina S. Koelschbach |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Physiology 030106 microbiology Chemie Biomass 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Biochemistry Microbiology Bacteria Anaerobic 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Organic chemistry Anaerobiosis Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Benzene 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Naphthalene Cell Biology Biodegradation Phenanthrene Anoxic waters Biodegradation Environmental chemistry Batch Cell Culture Techniques Microcosm Anaerobic exercise Metabolic Networks and Pathways Biotechnology |
| Zdroj: | Microbial Physiology. 26:92-118 |
| ISSN: | 2673-1673 2673-1665 |
| Popis: | Aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are very slowly degraded without molecular oxygen. Here, we review the recent advances in the elucidation of the first known degradation pathways of these environmental hazards. Anaerobic degradation of benzene and PAHs has been successfully documented in the environment by metabolite analysis, compound-specific isotope analysis and microcosm studies. Subsequently, also enrichments and pure cultures were obtained that anaerobically degrade benzene, naphthalene or methylnaphthalene, and even phenanthrene, the largest PAH currently known to be degradable under anoxic conditions. Although such cultures grow very slowly, with doubling times of around 2 weeks, and produce only very little biomass in batch cultures, successful proteogenomic, transcriptomic and biochemical studies revealed novel degradation pathways with exciting biochemical reactions such as for example the carboxylation of naphthalene or the ATP-independent reduction of naphthoyl-coenzyme A. The elucidation of the first anaerobic degradation pathways of naphthalene and methylnaphthalene at the genetic and biochemical level now opens the door to studying the anaerobic metabolism and ecology of anaerobic PAH degraders. This will contribute to assessing the fate of one of the most important contaminant classes in anoxic sediments and aquifers. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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