Cognitive Impairment among People Who Use Heroin and Fentanyl: Findings from the Miami Adult Studies on HIV (MASH) Cohort
| Autor: | Tan Li, Christina S. Meade, Marianna Baum, Gustavo G. Zarini, Kenneth E. Sherman, Sabrina Sales Martinez, Javier A. Tamargo Ms, Raul N. Mandler, Adriana Campa |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
medicine.medical_specialty 030508 substance abuse Medicine (miscellaneous) HIV Infections Article Heroin Fentanyl 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine medicine Humans Cognitive Dysfunction Use Heroin Psychiatry General Psychology business.industry Opioid-Related Disorders Cognition medicine.disease 030227 psychiatry Substance abuse Analgesics Opioid Cross-Sectional Studies Opioid Cohort 0305 other medical science business medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | J Psychoactive Drugs |
| ISSN: | 2159-9777 |
| Popis: | Cognitive impairment is common in people living with HIV (PLWH). Opioid drugs exert direct and indirect effects on cognitive processes, which may contribute to cognitive dysfunction among PLWH. This study was designed to determine if opioid use is associated with cognitive impairment and whether the effect differs between PLWH and HIV-uninfected adults. Other neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as depression and apathy, were also examined. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 265 PLWH and 284 HIV-uninfected participants from the Miami Adult Studies on HIV (MASH) cohort. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used to assess cognitive impairment. Substance use was self-reported. Overall, 26.8% of PLWH and 15.1% of HIV-uninfected used opioids. Cognitive impairment was more frequent among people who used heroin and/or fentanyl than those who misused prescription opioids (31.6% vs. 10.5%, p=0.005). The use of heroin/fentanyl was associated with increased odds for cognitive impairment (adjusted OR: 2.21, 95% CI 1.05–4.64, p=0.036). Among PLWH only, the misuse of opioids was associated with a higher frequency of neuropsychiatric symptoms such as depression and apathy. A higher risk for cognitive impairment was seen among people who used heroin and fentanyl. PLWH who misuse opioids may be at an increased risk for neuropathology, but elucidation of mechanisms for opioid-induced cognitive deficits is needed. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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