Identification of a Kulshan caldera correlative tephra in the Palouse loess of Washington State, northwest USA
| Autor: | Georgina E. King, Helen M. Roberts, John A. Westgate, Victoria C. Smith, Nicholas J. G. Pearce, David R. Gaylord, Mark R. Sweeney |
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| Přispěvatelé: | King G.E., Pearce N.J.G., Roberts H.M., Smith V.C., Westgate J.A., Gaylord D.R., Sweeney M.R. |
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
010506 paleontology
Lava Trace element geochemistry Trace element Geochemistry Magma chamber 010502 geochemistry & geophysics 01 natural sciences Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) Palouse loe Loess Magma General Earth and Planetary Sciences Caldera Kulshan caldera Lake Tapps tephra Quaternary Tephra Geomorphology Geology 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Earth-Surface Processes |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.yqres.2016.06.004 |
| Popis: | The Kulshan caldera formed at ∼1.15 Ma on the present-day site of Mt. Baker, Washington State, northwest USA and erupted a compositionally zoned (dacite-rhyolite) magma and a correlative eruptive, the Lake Tapps tephra. This tephra has previously been described, but only from the Puget Lowland of NW Washington. Here an occurrence of a Kulshan caldera correlative tephra is described from the Quaternary Palouse loess at the Washtucna site (WA-3). Site WA-3 is located in east-central Washington, ∼340 km southeast of the Kulshan caldera and ∼300 km east-southeast of the Lake Tapps occurrence in the Puget Lowland. Major- and trace element chemistry and location of the deposit at Washtucna within reversed polarity sediments indicates that it is not correlative with the Mesa Falls, Rockland, Bishop Ash, Lava Creek B or Huckleberry Ridge tephras. Instead the Washtucna deposit is related to the Lake Tapps tephra by fractional crystallisation, but is chemically distinct, a consequence of its eruption from a compositionally zoned magma chamber. The correlation of the Washtucna occurrence to the Kulshan caldera-forming eruption indicates that it had an eruptive volume exceeding 100 km3, and that its tephra could provide a valuable early-Pleistocene chronostratigraphic marker in the Pacific Northwest. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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