Multistage fractionation of pine bark by liquid and supercritical carbon dioxide
| Autor: | Julien Jaxel, Thomas Rosenau, Antje Potthast, Stefano Barbini, Katarina Karlström |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Wax
Environmental Engineering Supercritical carbon dioxide Chromatography Renewable Energy Sustainability and the Environment Chemistry Bioengineering Chromatography Supercritical Fluid General Medicine Fractionation Carbon Dioxide Chemical Fractionation Pinus Supercritical fluid Sterol chemistry.chemical_compound visual_art visual_art.visual_art_medium Glycerol Plant Bark Solvents Bark Gas chromatography Waste Management and Disposal |
| Zdroj: | Bioresource technology. 341 |
| ISSN: | 1873-2976 |
| Popis: | Multistage fractionation of pine bark was performed using subcritical and supercritical CO2 at increasing pressures and temperatures. In total, seven fractions were collected, which demonstrated different enrichments of families of compounds. In particular, subcritical CO2 yielded 41% of the total extract in which unsaturated fatty acids represented the most abundant family. The subsequent five supercritical steps increased the recovery of sterol esters, wax esters and resin acids at higher temperatures and pressures, reaching 80% of the total extractable mass. In the last step, using ethanol as a co-solvent, an additional 20% of extract was recovered, which was enriched with phenolics and glycerol. A full characterisation of the extracts was accomplished by high-temperature GC–MS/FID using four internal standards, which were representative of the main classes of compounds contained in the pine bark extract. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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