Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in a rat model of co-morbid obesity and psychogenic stress

Autor: Jose M. Santiago Santana, Deisha Zabala Ortiz, Johnny D. Figueroa, Julio David Vega-Torres, Esther Aponte Boria, Alondra Y. Cruz Gonzalez, Carolina Alvarez Carmona, Jeong Bin Lee, Perla Ontiveros-Angel, Yaria Arroyo Torres
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
Male
medicine.medical_specialty
Glutathione reductase
Anxiety
Diet
High-Fat
medicine.disease_cause
Article
03 medical and health sciences
Behavioral Neuroscience
0302 clinical medicine
Internal medicine
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein
medicine
Animals
Obesity
Neuroinflammation
030304 developmental biology
Inflammation
chemistry.chemical_classification
Glutathione Peroxidase
0303 health sciences
Reactive oxygen species
Behavior
Animal
biology
Glial fibrillary acidic protein
business.industry
Glutathione peroxidase
Fear
Catalase
medicine.disease
Rats
Disease Models
Animal
Oxidative Stress
Glutathione Reductase
Endocrinology
chemistry
Rats
Inbred Lew
biology.protein
medicine.symptom
Reactive Oxygen Species
business
Biomarkers
Stress
Psychological
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Oxidative stress
Zdroj: Behav Brain Res
ISSN: 0166-4328
Popis: BackgroundThere is growing recognition for a reciprocal, bidirectional link between anxiety disorders and obesity. Although the mechanisms linking obesity and anxiety remain speculative, this bidirectionality suggests shared pathophysiological processes. Neuroinflammation and oxidative damage are implicated in both pathological anxiety and obesity. This study investigates the relative contribution of comorbid diet-induced obesity and stress-induced anxiety to neuroinflammation and oxidative stress.MethodsThirty-six (36) male Lewis rats were divided into four groups based on diet type and stress exposure: 1) control diet unexposed (CDU) and 2) exposed (CDE), 3) Western-like high-saturated fat diet unexposed (WDU) and 4) exposed (WDE). Neurobehavioral tests were performed to assess anxiety-like behaviors. The catalytic concentrations of glutathione peroxidase and reductase were measured from plasma samples, and neuroinflammatory/oxidative stress biomarkers were measured from brain samples using Western blot. Correlations between behavioral phenotypes and biomarkers were assessed with Pearson’s correlation procedures.ResultsWe found that WDE rats exhibited markedly increased levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (185%), catalase protein (215%), and glutathione reductase (GSR) enzymatic activity (418%) relative to CDU rats. Interestingly, the brain protein levels of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase were positively associated with body weight and behavioral indices of anxiety.ConclusionsTogether, our results support a role for neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in heightened emotional reactivity to obesogenic environments and psychogenic stress. Uncovering adaptive responses to obesogenic environments characterized by high access to high-saturated fat/high-sugar diets and toxic stress has the potential to strongly impact how we treat psychiatric disorders in at-risk populations.HighlightsPredatory odor stress heightens footshock reactivity and anxiety-like behaviors in Lewis rats.WD intake increases glutathione reductase activity in plasma.WD intake and PS exposure acted synergistically to increase the brain protein levels of catalase and the glial fibrillary acidic protein.The protein levels and activities of some redox/neuroinflammatory biomarkers are closely associated with behavioral proxies related to fear and anxiety in rats.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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