A randomised, double-blind study investigating the relationship between early childhood trauma and the rewarding effects of morphine
| Autor: | Molly Carlyle, Rupert Broomby, Mohammod Mostazir, Rachel Hannon, O. Merve Mollaahmetoglu, Leah Fawaz, Jade Drain, Graham Simpson, Celia J. A. Morgan |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male medicine.medical_specialty Adolescent media_common.quotation_subject Medicine (miscellaneous) Pain Affect (psychology) Neglect 03 medical and health sciences Young Adult 0302 clinical medicine Double-Blind Method Reward Adverse Childhood Experiences Threshold of pain Medicine Humans Early childhood Psychiatry media_common Endogenous opioid Aged Pain Measurement Pharmacology Cross-Over Studies Dose-Response Relationship Drug Morphine business.industry Opioid use disorder Euphoria Middle Aged medicine.disease 030227 psychiatry Analgesics Opioid Psychiatry and Mental health Opioid Female business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Addiction biologyREFERENCES. 26(6) |
| ISSN: | 1369-1600 |
| Popis: | Experiences of childhood trauma (abuse and neglect) are disproportionately higher in those with opioid use disorder (OUD). Childhood trauma may affect the reinforcing and rewarding properties of opioid drugs and responses to pain, potentially via developmental changes to the endogenous opioid system. This has been supported by preclinical research, yet this has not been investigated in non-addicted humans. Physically healthy participants with either a history of severe childhood trauma or no previous history of childhood trauma attended two sessions where they received either an intramuscular active dose of morphine (0.15 mg/kg) or a very low dose control (0.01 mg/kg) in a randomised, double-blind crossover design. Sessions were held 1 week apart. Participants' physical pain threshold and tolerance were measured pre- and post-drug administration using the cold water pressor test, alongside acute subjective and behavioural responses over 2.5 h. The trauma group reported liking the effects of morphine, feeling more euphoric and wanting more of the drug over the session, as well as feeling less nauseous, dizzy, and dislike of the effects of morphine compared to the non-trauma comparison group. Morphine increased pain threshold and tolerance, yet this did not differ between the groups. Childhood trauma may therefore sensitise individuals to the pleasurable and motivational effects of opioids and reduce sensitivity to the negative effects, providing compelling evidence for individual differences in opioid reward sensitivity. This may explain the link between childhood trauma and vulnerability to OUD, with consequent implications on interventions for OUD, the prescribing of opioids, and reducing stigmas surrounding OUD. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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