Bacterial meningitis in adults in Iceland, 1995-2010

Autor:	Ingi Karl Reynisson, Hjördís Harðardóttir, Bryndís Sigurðardóttir, Magnús Gottfreðsson, Asgerður Thornórðardóttir, Helga Erlendsdóttir, Sigurður Guðmundsson
Rok vydání:	2014
Předmět:	Microbiology (medical) Adult Male medicine.medical_specialty Adolescent Population Iceland Meningococcal vaccine Neisseria meningitidis medicine.disease_cause Pneumococcal Infections Meningitis Bacterial Young Adult Internal medicine Streptococcus pneumoniae Medicine Humans education Neck stiffness Aged Retrospective Studies Aged 80 and over education.field_of_study General Immunology and Microbiology business.industry Mortality rate Incidence (epidemiology) General Medicine Middle Aged medicine.disease Infectious Diseases Immunology Female business Meningitis
Zdroj:	Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases. 46(5)
ISSN:	1651-1980
Popis:	Bacterial meningitis is a serious disease with a mortality rate of 15-20% in adults. We conducted a population-based study of bacterial meningitis in adults (≥ 16 y) in Iceland, 1995-2010.Cases were identified based on positive bacterial cultures from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and/or the ICD codes for bacterial meningitis. Medical charts were reviewed and outcomes were assessed using the national population registry. The study period was divided into 2 equal parts, 1995-2002 and 2003-2010, before and after implementation of routine childhood vaccination against serogroup C meningococci, respectively.In total, 111 episodes occurred in 110 individuals. The most common causative organisms were Neisseria meningitidis (41%) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (30%). Only 30% of the patients presented with the classical symptom triad of fever, neck stiffness, and an altered mental status. The overall incidence was 3.2/100,000 inhabitants/y, and dropped significantly between the first and second halves of the study (p = 0.03). This drop was due to a reduced incidence of N. meningitidis meningitis: 34 and 12 cases in the first and second periods, respectively (p = 0.006). The incidence of meningitis caused by S. pneumoniae remained unchanged. The case fatality rates were 18% and 13% in the first and second halves of the study, respectively (difference not significant).The incidence of bacterial meningitis has decreased since the implementation of meningococcal C vaccination in 2002. However, the case fatality rate has remained unchanged.
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
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