Fetal growth restriction, catch-up growth and the early origins of insulin resistance and visceral obesity
| Autor: | Isabella Caroline McMillen, Janna L. Morrison, Sheridan Gentili, Jaime A. Duffield, Beverly S. Muhlhausler |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Morrison, Janna Leigh, Duffield, Jaime, Muhlhausler, Beverly, Gentili, Sheridan, McMillen, Isabella Caroline |
| Rok vydání: | 2009 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
insulin obesity medicine.medical_specialty placenta Offspring medicine.medical_treatment Abdominal Fat Intrauterine growth restriction Adipose tissue Insulin resistance Downregulation and upregulation Pregnancy IUGR Internal medicine medicine Humans Insulin Obesity Muscle Skeletal Prenatal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena Metabolic Syndrome Fetus Fetal Growth Retardation biology business.industry Infant Newborn medicine.disease Adaptation Physiological fetus Insulin receptor Endocrinology Liver Nephrology embryonic structures Pediatrics Perinatology and Child Health biology.protein Female business Signal Transduction |
| Zdroj: | Pediatric Nephrology. 25:669-677 |
| ISSN: | 1432-198X 0931-041X |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s00467-009-1407-3 |
| Popis: | There is an association between growing slowly before birth, accelerated growth in early postnatal life and the emergence of insulin resistance, visceral obesity and glucose intolerance in adult life. In this review we consider the pathway through which intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) leads to the initial increase in insulin sensitivity and to catch-up growth. We also discuss the importance of the early insulin environment in determining later visceral adiposity and the intrahepatic mechanisms that may result in the emergence of glucose intolerance in a subset of IUGR infants. We present evidence that a key fetal adaptation to poor fetal nutrition is an upregulation of the abundance of the insulin receptor in the absence of an upregulation of insulin signalling in fetal skeletal muscle. After birth, however, there is an upregulation in the abundance of the insulin receptor and the insulin signalling pathway in the IUGR offspring. Thus, the origins of the accelerated postnatal growth rate experienced by IUGR infants lie in the fetal adaptations to a poor nutrient supply. We also discuss how the intracellular availability of free fatty acids and glucose within the visceral adipocyte and hepatocyte in fetal and neonatal life are critical in determining the subsequent metabolic phenotype of the IUGR offspring. It is clear that a better understanding of the relative contributions of the fetal and neonatal nutrient environment to the regulation of key insulin signalling pathways in muscle, visceral adipose tissue and the liver is required to support the development of evidence-based intervention strategies and better outcomes for the IUGR infant. Refereed/Peer-reviewed |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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