Estimated Human and Economic Burden of Four Major Adult Vaccine-Preventable Diseases in the United States, 2013
| Autor: | J. McGinnis, John M McLaughlin, Annette Mercatante, Litjen Tan, Joseph Fortuna |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
Whooping Cough Cost Cost-Benefit Analysis Population Herpes Zoster Pneumococcal Infections Pneumococcal Vaccines Cost of Illness Influenza Human Epidemiology medicine Herpes Zoster Vaccine Humans Adults education Whooping cough Aged Aged 80 and over Pertussis Vaccine Vaccines Original Paper education.field_of_study business.industry Incidence Incidence (epidemiology) Vaccination Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Middle Aged medicine.disease United States Primary Prevention Models Economic Influenza Vaccines Immunology Pneumococcal pneumonia Pertussis vaccine Immunization Vaccine-preventable diseases business Monte Carlo Method Model Demography medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | The Journal of Primary Prevention |
| ISSN: | 1573-6547 0278-095X |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s10935-015-0394-3 |
| Popis: | Low uptake of routinely recommended adult immunizations is a public health concern. Using data from the peer-reviewed literature, government disease-surveillance programs, and the US Census, we developed a customizable model to estimate human and economic burden caused by four major adult vaccine-preventable diseases (VPD) in 2013 in the United States, and for each US state individually. To estimate the number of cases for each adult VPD for a given population, we multiplied age-specific incidence rates obtained from the literature by age-specific 2013 Census population data. We then multiplied the estimated number of cases for a given population by age-specific, estimated medical and indirect (non-medical) costs per case. Adult VPDs examined were: (1) influenza, (2) pneumococcal disease (both invasive disease and pneumonia), (3) herpes zoster (shingles), and (4) pertussis (whooping cough). Sensitivity analyses simulated the impact of various epidemiological scenarios on the total estimated economic burden. Estimated US annual cost for the four adult VPDs was $26.5 billion (B) among adults aged 50 years and older, $15.3B (58 %) of which was attributable to those 65 and older. Among adults 50 and older, influenza, pneumococcal disease, herpes zoster, and pertussis made up $16.0B (60 %), $5.1B (19 %), $5.0B (19 %), and $0.4B (2 %) of the cost, respectively. Among those 65 and older, they made up $8.3B (54 %), $3.8B (25 %), $3.0B (20 %), and 0.2B (1 %) of the cost, respectively. Most (80–85 %) pneumococcal costs stemmed from nonbacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia (NPP). Cost attributable to adult VPD in the United States is substantial. Broadening adult immunization efforts beyond influenza only may help reduce the economic burden of adult VPD, and a pneumococcal vaccination effort, primarily focused on reducing NPP, may constitute a logical starting place. Sensitivity analyses revealed that a pandemic influenza season or change in size of the US elderly population could increase these costs dramatically. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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