Molecular epidemiology of mosquito-borne viruses at the China-Myanmar border: discovery of a potential epidemic focus of Japanese encephalitis

Autor: Shou-Qin Yin, Wei Zhang, Xi-Shang Li, Jia-zhi Wang, Jing-Bo Xue, Sheng-Guo Li, Yuan Fang, Zhang Yi, Xin-He Li
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
0301 basic medicine
China
Aedes albopictus
viruses
030231 tropical medicine
ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species
Infectious and parasitic diseases
RC109-216
Myanmar
Arbovirus
Culex tritaeniorhynchus
Anopheles sinensis
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
SA14-14-2
parasitic diseases
Anopheles
medicine
Animals
Encephalitis
Japanese
Epidemics
Phylogeny
Molecular Epidemiology
biology
Molecular epidemiology
Tengchong
ved/biology
Flavivirus
Public Health
Environmental and Occupational Health
Outbreak
virus diseases
General Medicine
Japanese encephalitis
medicine.disease
biology.organism_classification
Virology
030104 developmental biology
Infectious Diseases
Viruses
Insect-specific flavivirus
Public aspects of medicine
RA1-1270
Mosquito-borne diseases
Research Article
Zdroj: Infectious Diseases of Poverty
Infectious Diseases of Poverty, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2021)
ISSN: 2049-9957
Popis: Background Mosquito-based arbovirus surveillance can serve as an early warning in evaluating the status of mosquito-borne virus prevalence and thus prevent local outbreaks. Although Tengchong County in Yunnan Province—which borders Myanmar—is abundant and diverse in mosquitoes, very few mosquito-based arbovirus investigations have been conducted in the recent decade. Herein, this study aims to evaluate the presence and the diffusion of mosquito-borne pathogens, currently prevalent in this region. Methods We collected 9486 mosquitoes, representing eight species, with Culex tritaeniorhynchus and Anopheles sinensis as the dominant species, during high mosquito activity seasons (July–October) in Tengchong, in 2018. Samples collected from 342 pools were tested using reverse-transcription PCR to determine the species, distribution, and infection rates of virus and parasite, and further analyze their genotypes, phylogenetic relationships, infection rate, and potential pathogenicity. Results Fifteen Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) strains from Cx. tritaeniorhynchus pools were detected. Seven strains of insect-specific flaviviruses (ISFVs), including two Aedes flavivirus (AeFV) and Yunnan Culex flavivirus strains each, one Culex theileri flavivirus, Yamadai flavivirus (YDFV) and Anopheles-associated flavivirus (AAFV) strains each were detected in Aedes albopictus, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, Cx. vagans, Cx. pseudovihnui, and An. sinensis pools, respectively. The whole-genome was successfully amplified in one strain of JEV and AeFV each. Phylogenetic analysis using the E gene placed all the newly detected JEV strains into the GI-b genotype. They showed highly nucleotide identities, and were most closely related to the strain detected in Tengchong in 2010. The comparison of the E protein of JEV strains and vaccine-derived strain, showed six amino residue differences. The bias-corrected maximum likelihood estimation values (and 95% confidence interval) for JEV in Cx. tritaeniorhynchus collected in Tengchong in 2018 were 2.4 (1.4–3.9). Conclusions A potential Japanese encephalitis epidemic focus with the abundance of host mosquitoes and high JEV infection rate was observed in Tengchong. In addition, at least five species of ISFVs co-circulate in this area. This study highlights the importance of widespread and sustained mosquito-based arbovirus surveillance in local areas to prevent the transmission of JEV, and other emerging/re-emerging mosquito-borne pathogens. Graphic Abstract
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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