Neurocognitive mechanisms of poor social connection in posttraumatic stress disorder: Evidence for abnormalities in social working memory

Autor:	Paul E. Holtzheimer, Eleanor Collier, Jeremy F. Huckins, Lauren M. Sippel, Meghan L. Meyer, Thalia Wheatley, Ma Feilong
Rok vydání:	2021
Předmět:	Population Article Stress Disorders Post-Traumatic 03 medical and health sciences Social support 0302 clinical medicine Social cognition medicine Humans education Default mode network education.field_of_study Social network business.industry Working memory Loneliness Magnetic Resonance Imaging 030227 psychiatry Psychiatry and Mental health Clinical Psychology Memory Short-Term medicine.symptom business Psychology Neurocognitive 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Clinical psychology
Zdroj:	Depress Anxiety
ISSN:	1520-6394 1091-4269
DOI:	10.1002/da.23139
Popis:	BACKGROUND: Poor social connection is a central feature of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but little is known about the neurocognitive processes associated with social difficulties in this population. We examined recruitment of the default network and behavioral responses during social working memory (i.e., maintaining and manipulating social information on a moment-to-moment basis) in relation to PTSD and social connection. METHODS: Participants with PTSD (n = 31) and a trauma-exposed control group (n = 21) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while completing a task in which they reasoned about two or four people’s relationships in working memory (social condition) and alphabetized two or four people’s names in working memory (non-social condition). Participants also completed measures of social connection (e.g., loneliness, social network size). RESULTS: Compared to trauma-exposed controls, individuals with PTSD reported smaller social networks (p = .032) and greater loneliness (p = .038). Individuals with PTSD showed a selective deficit in social working memory accuracy (p = .029) and hyperactivation in the default network, particularly in the dorsomedial subsystem, on trials with four relationships to consider. Moreover, default network hyperactivation in the PTSD group (vs. trauma-exposed group) differentially related to social network size and loneliness (p’s < .05). Participants with PTSD also showed less resting state functional connectivity within the dorsomedial subsystem than controls (p = .002), suggesting differences in the functional integrity of a subsystem key to social working memory. CONCLUSIONS: Social working memory abnormalities in the default network may be a basic mechanism underlying poorer social connection in PTSD.
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
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