Central airway pathology: clinic features, CT findings with pathologic and virtual endoscopy correlation
| Autor: | Marcelo Sánchez, Rosario J. Perea, José Gutiérrez Chacoff, Teresa M. de Caralt, Daniel Barnes, José Ramírez, Ivan Vollmer, Mariana Benegas |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
Pathology Relapsing polychondritis Tracheal Diseases Pictorial Review 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Multidetector computed tomography medicine Tuberculosis Central airway Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging Tracheobronchomegaly cardiovascular diseases Ct findings Virtual endoscopy Medical diagnosis Neuroradiology Respiratory tract diseases medicine.diagnostic_test business.industry Interventional radiology Tracheal diseases 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis cardiovascular system Radiology business |
| Zdroj: | Insights into Imaging |
| ISSN: | 1869-4101 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s13244-017-0545-6 |
| Popis: | Objectives To describe the imaging features of the central airway pathology, correlating the findings with those in pathology and virtual endoscopy. To propose a schematic and practical approach to reach diagnoses, placing strong emphasis on multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) findings. Methods We reviewed our thoracic pathology database and the central airway pathology-related literature. Best cases were selected to illustrate the main features of each disease. MDCT was performed in all cases. Multiplanar and volume-rendering reconstructions were obtained when necessary. Virtual endoscopy was obtained from the CT with dedicated software. Results Pathological conditions affecting the central airways are a heterogeneous group of diseases. Focal alterations include benign neoplasms, malignant neoplasms, and non-neoplastic conditions. Diffuse abnormalities are divided into those that produce dilation and those that produce stenosis and tracheobronchomalacia. Direct bronchoscopy (DB) visualises the mucosal layer and is an important diagnostic and therapeutic weapon. However, assessing the deep layers or the adjacent tissue is not possible. MDCT and post-processing techniques such as virtual bronchoscopy (VB) provide an excellent evaluation of the airway wall. Conclusion This review presents the complete spectrum of the central airway pathology with its clinical, pathological and radiological features. Teaching points • Dividing diseases into diffuse and focal lesions helps narrow the differential diagnosis. • Focal lesions with nodularity are more likely to correspond to tumours. • Focal lesions with stenosis are more likely to correspond to inflammatory disease. • Posterior wall involvement is the main feature in diffuse lesions with stenosis. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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