Interplay of hippocampal volume and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis function as markers of stress vulnerability in men at ultra-high risk for psychosis
| Autor: | D. L. Collins, Ridha Joober, L. Béchard-Evans, Ashok Malla, Marita Pruessner, Jens C. Pruessner, S. Pira |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Risk Psychosis medicine.medical_specialty Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System Cortisol awakening response Hydrocortisone Pituitary-Adrenal System Cortisol hippocampus hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis sex differences stress ultra-high risk for psychosis Ultra high risk Hippocampus 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine ddc:150 Internal medicine medicine Hippocampus (mythology) Humans Cortisol level Applied Psychology medicine.disease Magnetic Resonance Imaging 030227 psychiatry Psychiatry and Mental health Endocrinology Psychotic Disorders Hypothalamus Hippocampal volume Stress vulnerability Disease Susceptibility Psychology 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Biomarkers Stress Psychological |
| Zdroj: | Psychological medicine. 47(3) |
| ISSN: | 1469-8978 0033-2917 |
| Popis: | BackgroundAltered hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function and reduced hippocampal volume (HV) are established correlates of stress vulnerability. We have previously shown an attenuated cortisol awakening response (CAR) and associations with HV specifically in male first-episode psychosis patients. Findings in individuals at ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis regarding these neurobiological markers are inconsistent, and assessment of their interplay, accounting for sex differences, could explain incongruent results.MethodStudy participants were 42 antipsychotic-naive UHR subjects (24 men) and 46 healthy community controls (23 men). Saliva samples for the assessment of CAR were collected at 0, 30 and 60 min after awakening. HV was determined from high-resolution structural magnetic resonance imaging scans using a semi-automatic segmentation protocol.ResultsCortisol measures and HV were not significantly different between UHR subjects and controls in total, but repeated-measures multivariate regression analyses revealed reduced cortisol levels 60 min after awakening and smaller left HV in male UHR individuals. In UHR participants only, smaller left and right HV was significantly correlated with a smaller total CAR (ρ = 0.42, p = 0.036 and ρ = 0.44, p = 0.029, respectively), corresponding to 18% and 19% of shared variance (medium effect size).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that HV reduction in individuals at UHR for psychosis is specific to men and linked to reduced post-awakening cortisol concentrations. Abnormalities in the neuroendocrine circuitry modulating stress vulnerability specifically in male UHR subjects might explain increased psychosis risk and disadvantageous illness outcomes in men compared to women. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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