Riesgos derivados del cambio climático: una mirada regional a las migraciones climáticas desde la cooperación internacional
| Autor: | Daniela Jazmín González Greco |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Civil society
media_common.quotation_subject Legislation Droit international de l'environnement Multilateralism Migrations Effects of global warming Political science media_common.cataloged_instance International Environmental Law multilateralism European union multilatéralisme media_common Sustainable development changement climatique Human rights cooperación internacional coopération internationale multilateralismo Environmental law climate change Migraciones Political economy International cooperation cambio climático Derecho Internacional Ambiental |
| Zdroj: | Observatorio Medioambiental; Vol 23 (2020); 109-129 Observatorio Medioambiental; Vol. 23 (2020); 109-129 Revistas Científicas Complutenses Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM) |
| ISSN: | 1988-3277 1139-1987 |
| Popis: | Climate change causes multiple consequences in different societies. One of the most prominent is the migratory movements derived from the negative effects of global warming. In recent years, the phenomenon of climate migration has been increasing and, unfortunately, it is a trend that will continue to rise in the coming decades. At the international level, there is still no agreement capable of providing a comprehensive response to this problem. The legal vacuum makes people who must migrate due to climate change look totally unprotected. Furthermore, this also leads to a lack of consensus in the framing and naming of this type of migration. The literature has been working in this sense, trying to collect positions and good practices in the matter. However, in the field of decision-making, it seems that there is still no concern about this issue. The international initiatives and declarations that are available to date are deficient. Mainly, because they are not mandatory for the States –and, consequently, not enforceable-, in such a way that each country will voluntarily choose to adopt the regime it deems appropriate, creating uncertainty and legal insecurity. Faced with this lack of legislation, some international organizations have also had to manage to come up with creative responses, as in the case of the Observation of the United Nations Human Rights Committee in Teitiota v. New Zealand. This Study seeks to delve into the issue of this lack of a legal framework , reinforcing the statement of the need for international cooperation to face the problem of climate migration - regardless of the name that is to be used - manifested through the creation of a binding agreement for the States. To do this, it draws mainly on existing literature as well as international treaties and initiatives that deal with the matter. Likewise, special emphasis is placed on the role of multilateralism as a central engine to achieve a better result. The countries committed to the 2030 Agenda and its Sustainable Development Goals and, although their formulations do not contemplate climate migration as such, their compliance or non-compliance can also have an impact on this type of human mobility. Also, the situation of climatic migrations is analyzed from a regional perspective. In this sense, the potential of the European Union to lead the search for the necessary comprehensive response is addressed. And, on the other hand, the current situation of the problem posed in Southeast Asia and the Caribbean is studied, these being two regions that share geographic, demographic, social and political characteristics. Above all, both regions present a high degree of vulnerability to the adverse effects of climate change and, therefore, their potential to be affected by climatic migrations is greater. With all this, they try to establish basic guidelines that should govern the international cooperation that is developed in the search for the best protection framework, calling on global society to act with commitment, imminently. It is a matter of life and death for many people and international cooperation must urgently understand it. Multilateral action that is capable of uniting the efforts of all the actors involved (public, private -including financing entities-, civil society, affected communities, etc.) is imperative. In addition, their actions should be fraternal and supportive, and be based on principles of International Environmental Law, in such a way as to allow finding the appropriate framework for a comprehensive response to climate migration, with the ability to contemplate the different stages of the migration process (before, during and after) as well as the different mobility possibilities that arise (temporary/permanent, internal/cross-border, voluntary/forced). |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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