Real Time Imaging of Human Progenitor Neurogenesis
| Autor: | Jarett C. Thelen, Aaron D. Nelson, Jeffrey R. Grinager, Clive N. Svendsen, Thomas Keenan |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2010 |
| Předmět: |
Cell type
Neurogenesis Green Fluorescent Proteins lcsh:Medicine Neurological Disorders/Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Biology 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Neurosphere Humans Progenitor cell lcsh:Science Neurological Disorders/Movement Disorders Cells Cultured 030304 developmental biology 0303 health sciences Microscopy Multidisciplinary Stem Cells lcsh:R Lentivirus Anatomy Neuroscience/Neurodevelopment Immunohistochemistry Transplantation ASCL1 lcsh:Q Stem cell Neuroscience Neural development 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Research Article |
| Zdroj: | PLoS ONE PLoS ONE, Vol 5, Iss 10, p e13187 (2010) |
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
| Popis: | Human neural progenitors are increasingly being employed in drug screens and emerging cell therapies targeted towards neurological disorders where neurogenesis is thought to play a key role including developmental disorders, Alzheimer's disease, and depression. Key to the success of these applications is understanding the mechanisms by which neurons arise. Our understanding of development can provide some guidance but since little is known about the specifics of human neural development and the requirement that cultures be expanded in vitro prior to use, it is unclear whether neural progenitors obey the same developmental mechanisms that exist in vivo. In previous studies we have shown that progenitors derived from fetal cortex can be cultured for many weeks in vitro as undifferentiated neurospheres and then induced to undergo neurogenesis by removing mitogens and exposing them to supportive substrates. Here we use live time lapse imaging and immunocytochemical analysis to show that neural progenitors use developmental mechanisms to generate neurons. Cells with morphologies and marker profiles consistent with radial glia and recently described outer radial glia divide asymmetrically and symmetrically to generate multipolar intermediate progenitors, a portion of which express ASCL1. These multipolar intermediate progenitors subsequently divide symmetrically to produce CTIP2(+) neurons. This 3-cell neurogenic scheme echoes observations in rodents in vivo and in human fetal slice cultures in vitro, providing evidence that hNPCs represent a renewable and robust in vitro assay system to explore mechanisms of human neurogenesis without the continual need for fresh primary human fetal tissue. Knowledge provided by this and future explorations of human neural progenitor neurogenesis will help maximize the safety and efficacy of new stem cell therapies by providing an understanding of how to generate physiologically-relevant cell types that maintain their identities when placed in diagnostic or transplantation environments. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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