QTL × environment interactions underlie adaptive divergence in switchgrass across a large latitudinal gradient
| Autor: | Anna Lipzen, John Lloyd-Reilley, Thomas E. Juenger, Jeremy Schmutz, Diane Bauer, Yanqi Wu, John T. Lovell, Philip A. Fay, A. Boe, Robert B. Mitchell, Li Zhang, Aditi Sharma, Jerry Jenkins, Richard L. Wynia, Xiaoyu Weng, Kerrie Barry, Adam Healey, Francis M. Rouquette, Kathrine D. Behrman, David B. Lowry, Jason Bonnette, Felix B. Fritschi |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Hot Temperature Evolution Acclimatization Population Quantitative Trait Loci ecotype Outcrossing Biology Quantitative trait locus bioenergy Panicum 01 natural sciences 03 medical and health sciences G × E Genetic MD Multidisciplinary Genetics Biomass Selection Genetic education Selection 030304 developmental biology Local adaptation 2. Zero hunger 0303 health sciences education.field_of_study Multidisciplinary Natural selection Ecotype Geography Chromosome Mapping 15. Life on land Biological Sciences biology.organism_classification United States Cold Temperature Plant Breeding PNAS Plus Evolutionary biology plasticity Biofuels Panicum virgatum Gene-Environment Interaction Adaptation local adaptation 010606 plant biology & botany |
| Zdroj: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol 116, iss 26 |
| ISSN: | 1091-6490 0027-8424 |
| Popis: | Significance Understanding how individual genetic loci contribute to trait variation across geographic space is of fundamental importance for understanding evolutionary adaptations. Our study demonstrates that most loci underlying locally adaptive trait variation have beneficial effects in some geographic regions while conferring little or no detectable cost in other parts of the geographic range of switchgrass over two field seasons of study. Thus, loci that contribute to local adaptation vary in the degree to which they are costly in alternative environments but typically confer greater benefits than costs. Further, our study suggests that breeding locally adapted varieties of switchgrass will be a boon to the biofuel industry, as locally adaptive loci could be combined to increase local yields in switchgrass. Local adaptation is the process by which natural selection drives adaptive phenotypic divergence across environmental gradients. Theory suggests that local adaptation results from genetic trade-offs at individual genetic loci, where adaptation to one set of environmental conditions results in a cost to fitness in alternative environments. However, the degree to which there are costs associated with local adaptation is poorly understood because most of these experiments rely on two-site reciprocal transplant experiments. Here, we quantify the benefits and costs of locally adaptive loci across 17° of latitude in a four-grandparent outbred mapping population in outcrossing switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), an emerging biofuel crop and dominant tallgrass species. We conducted quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping across 10 sites, ranging from Texas to South Dakota. This analysis revealed that beneficial biomass (fitness) QTL generally incur minimal costs when transplanted to other field sites distributed over a large climatic gradient over the 2 y of our study. Therefore, locally advantageous alleles could potentially be combined across multiple loci through breeding to create high-yielding regionally adapted cultivars. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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