Leptospiral shedding and seropositivity in shelter dogs in the Cumberland Gap Region of Southeastern Appalachia

Autor: Ashutosh Verma, Hemant Naikare, Dawn Spangler, Vinayak K. Nahar, Karen Gruszynski, Daniel Kish, Michele Coarsey, Joey Morgan, Brittney Beigel
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Bacterial Diseases
Serotype
Physiology
Artificial Gene Amplification and Extension
Urine
Molting
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Serology
0403 veterinary science
0302 clinical medicine
Zoonoses
Direct agglutination test
Medicine and Health Sciences
Prevalence
Dog Diseases
Mammals
Leptospira
Bacterial Shedding
Appalachian Region
Multidisciplinary
CATS
Geography
biology
Eukaryota
04 agricultural and veterinary sciences
Leptospirosis
Bacterial Pathogens
Body Fluids
Leptospira Interrogans
Infectious Diseases
Medical Microbiology
Vertebrates
Medicine
Pathogens
Anatomy
Research Article
Neglected Tropical Diseases
040301 veterinary sciences
Science
030231 tropical medicine
Research and Analysis Methods
Microbiology
03 medical and health sciences
Dogs
Agglutination Tests
medicine
TaqMan
Animals
Molecular Biology Techniques
Microbial Pathogens
Molecular Biology
Bacteria
Organisms
Biology and Life Sciences
Tropical Diseases
medicine.disease
rpoB
biology.organism_classification
Amniotes
Cats
Physiological Processes
Zdroj: PLoS ONE, Vol 15, Iss 1, p e0228038 (2020)
PLoS ONE
ISSN: 1932-6203
Popis: Background Leptospirosis, caused by pathogenic Leptospira spp., is a zoonotic infection that affects humans, dogs and many other mammalian species. Virtually any mammalian species can act as asymptomatic reservoir, characterized by chronic renal carriage and shedding of a host-adapted leptospiral serovar. Environmental contamination by chronic shedders results in acquisition of infection by humans and susceptible animals. Methods In this study, we investigated if clinically normal shelter dogs and cats harbor leptospires in their kidneys by screening urine samples for the presence of leptospiral DNA by a TaqMan based-quantitative PCR (qPCR) that targets pathogen-associated lipl32 gene. To identify the infecting leptospiral species, a fragment of leptospiral rpoB gene was PCR amplified and sequenced. Additionally, we measured Leptospira-specific serum antibodies using the microscopic agglutination test (MAT), a gold standard in leptospiral serology. Results A total of 269 shelter animals (219 dogs and 50 cats) from seven shelters located in the tri-state area of western Virginia, eastern Tennessee, and southeastern Kentucky were included in this study. All cats tested negative by both qPCR and MAT. Of the 219 dogs tested in the study, 26/198 (13.1%, 95% CI: 8.4–17.8%) were positive for leptospiral DNA in urine by qPCR and 38/211 (18.0%, 95% CI: 12.8–23.2%) were seropositive by MAT. Twelve dogs were positive for both qPCR and MAT. Fourteen dogs were positive by qPCR but not by MAT. Additionally, leptospiral rpoB gene sequencing from a sub-set of qPCR-positive urine samples (n = 21) revealed L. interrogans to be the leptospiral species shed by dogs. Conclusions These findings have significant implications regarding animal and public health in the Cumberland Gap Region and possibly outside where these animals may be adopted.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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