Do reward-processing deficits in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders promote cannabis use? An investigation of physiological response to natural rewards and drug cues
| Autor: | Martin Lepage, Clifford M. Cassidy, Ashok Malla, Mathieu B. Brodeur |
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| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
Drug
Adult Male medicine.medical_specialty Marijuana Abuse Visual perception media_common.quotation_subject Facial Muscles Dysfunctional family Audiology Electroencephalography Neuropsychological Tests Reward medicine Humans Pharmacology (medical) Psychiatry Heterosexuality Biological Psychiatry media_common Cannabis biology medicine.diagnostic_test Electromyography Addiction Brain Galvanic Skin Response Tobacco Use Disorder biology.organism_classification Prognosis Research Papers Psychiatry and Mental health Psychotic Disorders Visual Perception Biomarker (medicine) Evoked Potentials Visual Schizophrenic Psychology Cues Psychology Facial electromyography Photic Stimulation |
| Zdroj: | Journal of psychiatryneuroscience : JPN. 39(5) |
| ISSN: | 1488-2434 |
| Popis: | Background: Dysfunctional reward processing is present in individuals with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (SSD) and may confer vulnerability to addiction. Our objective was to identify a deficit in patients with SSD on response to rewarding stimuli and determine whether this deficit predicts cannabis use. Methods: We divided a group of patients with SSD and nonpsychotic controls into cannabis users and nonusers. Response to emotional and cannabis-associated visual stimuli was assessed using self-report, event-related potentials (using the late positive potential [LPP]), facial electromyography and skin-conductance response. Results: Our sample comprised 35 patients with SSD and 35 nonpsychotic controls. Compared with controls, the patients with SSD showed blunted LPP response to pleasant stimuli (p = 0.003). Across measures, cannabis-using controls showed greater response to pleasant stimuli than to cannabis stimuli whereas cannabis-using patients showed little bias toward pleasant stimuli. Reduced LPP response to pleasant stimuli was predictive of more frequent subsequent cannabis use (β = –0.24, p = 0.034). Limitations: It is not clear if the deficit associated with cannabis use is specific to rewarding stimuli or nonspecific to any kind of emotionally salient stimuli. Conclusion: The LPP captures a rewardprocessing deficit in patients with SSD and shows potential as a biomarker for identifying patients at risk of heavy cannabis use. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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