A Central Element of Europe’s Football Ecosystem: Competitive Intensity in the 'Big Five'
| Autor: | Wagner, Fabio, Preuss, Holger, K��necke, Thomas |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
European football
ecosystem league management 796 Sport Environmental effects of industries and plants competitive intensity TJ807-830 competitive balance entrepreneurs TD194-195 796 Athletic and outdoor sports and games Renewable energy sources Europa League Environmental sciences Champions League relegation GE1-350 championship race |
| Zdroj: | Sustainability Volume 13 Issue 6 Sustainability, Vol 13, Iss 3097, p 3097 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 2071-1050 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/su13063097 |
| Popis: | This study perceives professional European football as one of the most relevant event-related entrepreneurial ecosystems (EEs) worldwide. It also identifies a healthy sporting competition in the five most popular European football leagues (Spain, England, Germany, Italy, and France), the “big five,” as a key pillar for the functioning of this ecosystem. By applying a quantitative approach, competitive intensity (CI) is measured for all big five leagues for 21 seasons (1998/99 to 2018/19). The chosen method does not only convey an overall indication of the competitive health of the entire league but also provides detailed information on the four important sub-competitions (championship race, qualification for Champions League or Europa League, and the fight against relegation). In all five leagues, seasonal CI tends to decrease over time, and especially over the last decade. The main reason is a decline in the intensity of the championship race while all other sub-competitions show relatively robust CI values. Overall, it can be concluded that the competitive health of the big five is intact, but the dwindling CI of the championship races can harm the EE of professional European football in the long run. Accordingly, it should be closely monitored in the future. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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