Regulated changes in material properties underlie centrosome disassembly during mitotic exit
| Autor: | Moritz Kreysing, Vanna M. Tran, Jeffrey B. Woodruff, Anatol Fritsch, Beatriz Ferreira Gomes, Alec Bond, Manolo U. Rios, Matthäus Mittasch, Stephen J. Enos |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Centrosome
0303 health sciences Leupeptins Biophysics Polo kinase Mitosis Cell Biology Protein phosphatase 2 Cell cycle Biology Article Cell biology 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Microtubule Mitotic exit Animals Caenorhabditis elegans Mitotic chromosome segregation Cytoskeleton 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Cell Cycle and Division 030304 developmental biology Anaphase |
| Zdroj: | The Journal of Cell Biology Journal of Cell Biology |
| ISSN: | 1540-8140 0021-9525 |
| Popis: | Centrosomes withstand microtubule-mediated forces during spindle assembly, yet they are disassembled by similar forces during mitotic exit. Mittasch et al. use nanorheology to probe the material properties of centrosomes and how they change during the cell cycle. In anaphase, the centrosome scaffold becomes weak and brittle, thus allowing force-induced disassembly. Centrosomes must resist microtubule-mediated forces for mitotic chromosome segregation. During mitotic exit, however, centrosomes are deformed and fractured by those same forces, which is a key step in centrosome disassembly. How the functional material properties of centrosomes change throughout the cell cycle, and how they are molecularly tuned, remain unknown. Here, we used optically induced flow perturbations to determine the molecular basis of centrosome strength and ductility in C. elegans embryos. We found that both properties declined sharply at anaphase onset, long before natural disassembly. This mechanical transition required PP2A phosphatase and correlated with inactivation of PLK-1 (Polo kinase) and SPD-2 (Cep192). In vitro, PLK-1 and SPD-2 directly protected centrosome scaffolds from force-induced disassembly. Our results suggest that, before anaphase, PLK-1 and SPD-2 respectively confer strength and ductility to the centrosome scaffold so that it can resist microtubule-pulling forces. In anaphase, centrosomes lose PLK-1 and SPD-2 and transition to a weak, brittle state that enables force-mediated centrosome disassembly. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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