Pharmaceutical disposal facilitates the mobilization of resistance determinants among microbiota of polluted environment
| Autor: | Jamal S. M. Sabir, Kehkashan Siddiqui, Arif Tasleem Jan, Qazi Mohd. Rizwanul Haq, Irfan A. Rather, Vijay Kumar, Mudsser Azam, Suriya Rehman |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
medicine.drug_class Microorganism 030106 microbiology Antibiotics Pharmaceutical Science Dissemination Drug resistance Biology Multidrug resistance Polluted environment Microbiology 03 medical and health sciences Plasmid medicine Conjugation frequency Pharmacology Resistance prevalence Resistance (ecology) lcsh:RM1-950 Biofilm E. coli biochemical phenomena metabolism and nutrition Multiple drug resistance 030104 developmental biology lcsh:Therapeutics. Pharmacology ESBLs Original Article |
| Zdroj: | Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, Vol 28, Iss 12, Pp 1626-1634 (2020) Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal : SPJ |
| ISSN: | 1319-0164 |
| Popis: | The emergence of resistance on exposure to pharmaceuticals among microorganisms has raised serious concern in the therapeutic approach against infectious diseases. Effluents discharge from hospitals, industries, and urban settlements containing pharmaceuticals and other toxic compounds into the aquatic ecosystem selects bacterial population against them; thereby promotes acquisition and dissemination of resistant traits among the inhabitant microbiota. The present study was aimed to determine the prevalence and multidrug resistance pattern of Extended Spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing and non-producing bacterial isolates from the heavily polluted Delhi stretch of river Yamuna, India. Additionally, the role of abiotic factors in the dissemination of conjugative plasmids harbouring resistance genes was also studied using E. coli J53 as recipient and resistant E. coli isolates as donor strains. Of the 227 non-duplicate bacterial isolates, 60% (136) were identified as ESBL+ and 40% (91) as ESBL. ESBL+ isolates were found highly resistant to β-lactam and non-β-lactam classes of antibiotics compared with the ESBL− isolates. 68% of ESBL+ and 24% of ESBL− isolates showed an MAR index of ≥0.5. Surprisingly, multidrug resistance (MDR), extensively drug resistance (XDR), and pandrug resistance (PDR) phenotype were observed for 78.6%, 16.9%, and 0.7% of ESBL+ and 90%, 3%, and none for PDR among ESBL− isolates. Conjugation under different conditions showed a higher mobilization rate at neutral pH (7–7.5) for ESBL+ isolates. Conjugation frequency was maximum at 40 °C for the isolate E. coli MRB6 (4.1 × 10−5) and E. coli MRE32 (4.89 × 10−4) and at 35 °C for E. coli MRA11 (4.89 × 10−5). The transconjugants obtained were found tolerating different concentrations of mercuric chloride (0.0002–0.2 mg/L). Increased biofilm formation for ESBL+ isolates was observed on supplementing media with HgCl2 (2 μg/mL) either singly or in combination with CTX (10 μg/mL). The present study demonstrates that anthropogenically influenced aquatic environments act as a reservoir of MDR, XDR, and even PDR strains; thereby posing a potent public health risk. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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