Phosphoribosyl Diphosphate (PRPP): Biosynthesis, Enzymology, Utilization, and Metabolic Significance
| Autor: | Martin Willemoës, Jan Martinussen, Bjarne Hove-Jensen, Mogens Kilstrup, Kasper R. Andersen, Robert L. Switzer |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate Phosphoribosyl Pyrophosphate Protein structure function Review Amino acid metabolism Microbiology Nucleotide metabolism Protein Structure Secondary 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Biosynthesis Ribose Humans Amino Acid Sequence Peptide Synthases Molecular Biology Phosphotransferases (Phosphate Group Acceptor) 030102 biochemistry & molecular biology ATP synthase biology Bacteria Fungi Archaea Diphosphoryl transfer Metabolic pathway 030104 developmental biology Infectious Diseases Biochemistry chemistry biology.protein Phosphoribosyltransferase NAD+ kinase Ribosemonophosphates Energy Metabolism Protein structure-function |
| Zdroj: | Hove-Jensen, B, Andersen, K R, Kilstrup, M, Martinussen, J, Switzer, R L & Willemoës, M 2017, ' Phosphoribosyl diphosphate (PRPP): biosynthesis, enzymology, utilization, and metabolic significance ', Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, vol. 81, no. 1 . https://doi.org/10.1128/MMBR.00040-16 Hove-Jensen, B, Andersen, K R, Kilstrup, M, Martinussen, J, Switzer, R L & Willemoes, M 2017, ' Phosphoribosyl Diphosphate (PRPP): Biosynthesis, Enzymology, Utilization, and Metabolic Significance ', Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, vol. 81, no. 1, e00040-16 . https://doi.org/10.1128/MMBR.00040-16 |
| DOI: | 10.1128/MMBR.00040-16 |
| Popis: | SUMMARY Phosphoribosyl diphosphate (PRPP) is an important intermediate in cellular metabolism. PRPP is synthesized by PRPP synthase, as follows: ribose 5-phosphate + ATP → PRPP + AMP. PRPP is ubiquitously found in living organisms and is used in substitution reactions with the formation of glycosidic bonds. PRPP is utilized in the biosynthesis of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides, the amino acids histidine and tryptophan, the cofactors NAD and tetrahydromethanopterin, arabinosyl monophosphodecaprenol, and certain aminoglycoside antibiotics. The participation of PRPP in each of these metabolic pathways is reviewed. Central to the metabolism of PRPP is PRPP synthase, which has been studied from all kingdoms of life by classical mechanistic procedures. The results of these analyses are unified with recent progress in molecular enzymology and the elucidation of the three-dimensional structures of PRPP synthases from eubacteria, archaea, and humans. The structures and mechanisms of catalysis of the five diphosphoryltransferases are compared, as are those of selected enzymes of diphosphoryl transfer, phosphoryl transfer, and nucleotidyl transfer reactions. PRPP is used as a substrate by a large number phosphoribosyltransferases. The protein structures and reaction mechanisms of these phosphoribosyltransferases vary and demonstrate the versatility of PRPP as an intermediate in cellular physiology. PRPP synthases appear to have originated from a phosphoribosyltransferase during evolution, as demonstrated by phylogenetic analysis. PRPP, furthermore, is an effector molecule of purine and pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis, either by binding to PurR or PyrR regulatory proteins or as an allosteric activator of carbamoylphosphate synthetase. Genetic analyses have disclosed a number of mutants altered in the PRPP synthase-specifying genes in humans as well as bacterial species. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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