Dynamic Countermeasure Fabrics for Post-Spaceflight Orthostatic Intolerance
| Autor: | Amy J. Ross, Brad Holschuh, Rachael Granberry, Julianna Abel, Kevin Eschen |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Computer science Population Orthostatic intolerance Gravity Suits 02 engineering and technology Spaceflight 01 natural sciences law.invention Protective Clothing law 0103 physical sciences Pressure medicine Humans education Simulation 010302 applied physics education.field_of_study Equipment Design General Medicine Shape-memory alloy Space Flight 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Compression (physics) medicine.disease SMA Aerospace Medicine Orthostatic Intolerance Astronauts Female Dynamic range compression 0210 nano-technology Actuator |
| Zdroj: | Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance. 91:525-531 |
| ISSN: | 2375-6314 |
| Popis: | INTRODUCTION: Aerospace orthostatic intolerance garments (OIG) have historically been pneumatic (e.g., NASA’s antigravity suit), an approach that inhibits mobility and requires connection to an air supply. Elastic compression garments, an alternative technology, are difficult to don/doff and cannot be worn in a noncompressive state, resulting in discomfort and usability challenges. This research evaluates a novel technology—contractile shape memory alloy (SMA) knitted actuators—that can enable low-profile, dynamic compression for an aerospace OIG.METHODS: To characterize the functional capabilities of SMA knitted actuators, displacement control testing was conducted on 10 actuator samples with a range of geometric design parameters. Inactive (FI) and actuated forces (FA) were observed by repeatedly thermally cycling each sample at 0%, 15%, 30%, and 45% structural strain. Compression capabilities were approximated using medical compression hosiery standards and anthropometric data from a representative aerospace population (ANSUR 2012).RESULTS: Dynamic compression predictions reached 52 mmHg (single layer fabric) and 105 mmHg (double layer fabric) at the ankle. Low, inactive pressures (p < 20 mmHg) demonstrate that compression is controllable and can be dynamically increased upon actuation up to 33 mmHg in a single layer system and up to 67 mmHg in a double layer system.DISCUSSION: The results highlight the potential of SMA knitted actuators to enable low-profile, dynamic compression garments that can reach medically therapeutic pressures on an aerospace population to counteract OI symptoms. In addition to astronautic applications, this technology demonstrates widespread terrestrial medical and high-performance aircraft applicability.Granberry RM, Eschen KP, Ross AJ, Abel JM, Holschuh BT. Dynamic countermeasure fabrics for post-spaceflight orthostatic intolerance. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2020; 91(6):525–531. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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