Stray dogs in the tropical state of Chiapas, Mexico, harbour atypical and novel genotypes of Toxoplasma gondii
| Autor: | Bruna Farias Alves, Hilda Fátima de Jesus Pena, María Eréndira Reyes-García, Carlos Cedillo-Peláez, Heriberto Caballero-Ortega, Dolores Correa, Sara Teresa Méndez-Cruz, Luis Fernando Valenzuela-Moreno, Héctor Luna-Pastén, Claudia Patricia Rico-Torres |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Genetic Markers
0301 basic medicine Genotype 030231 tropical medicine Protozoan Proteins 03 medical and health sciences Dogs 0302 clinical medicine Zoonoses parasitic diseases medicine Animals Humans Genetic variability Mexico Genotyping Phylogeny Membrane Glycoproteins biology Genetic Variation Toxoplasma gondii DNA Protozoan South America biology.organism_classification medicine.disease Virology Toxoplasmosis Blood Toxoplasmosis Animal 030104 developmental biology Infectious Diseases Genetic marker Microsatellite Parasitology Restriction fragment length polymorphism Toxoplasma Polymorphism Restriction Fragment Length Microsatellite Repeats |
| Zdroj: | International Journal for Parasitology. 50:85-90 |
| ISSN: | 0020-7519 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.ijpara.2019.12.001 |
| Popis: | Genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii remains a relevant topic of study, since genotypes can be related to the presentation and severity of toxoplasmosis. To date, 292 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) genotypes have been described around the world. Serosurveys in southeastern Mexico have documented exposure in over 70% of people and certain animals. Recently, we have described new genotypes and mixed infections in feral cats from Quintana Roo. Thus, the aim of this study was to genotype T. gondii and to describe its genetic variability, from naturally infected stray dogs of Chiapas, which has different geographical and climatic conditions from those found at the Yucatan Peninsula and the other parts of the country. Eleven stray dogs were captured and bled to obtain DNA, and then they were euthanized to perform necropsies and to collect target tissues. Diagnosis of T. gondii was done by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and endpoint PCR. Genotyping was carried out, amplifying 12 polymorphic markers and 15 microsatellites. Atypical SAG3 gene products were cloned and sequenced. All blood samples of dogs were positive to T. gondii DNA by PCR. Two isolates were obtained from pooled heart and diaphragm tissue of two dogs. Two complete PCR-RFLP genotypes were identified (type BrIII and #28). Four animals had mixed infections. A new RFLP atypical allele for the SAG3 marker was observed; cloning and sequencing analysis of this locus revealed mixed infection by a strain identical to GT1, and one type I × II intragenic recombinant. The microsatellite analysis revealed that both isolates are atypical. Thus, atypical new genotypes of T. gondii and mixed infections were found in dogs of Chiapas. The results found here and in genotyping studies in Mexico suggest that the southeastern region favours wide genetic diversity of T. gondii and the possible presence of virulent genotypes such as those found in central and South America. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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