Exploring the underlying structure of mental disorders: cross-diagnostic differences and similarities from a network perspective using both a top-down and a bottom-up approach
| Autor: | Johanna T. W. Wigman, Denny Borsboom, Sacha Epskamp, Marieke Wichers, Inez Myin-Germeys, Wolfgang Viechtbauer, Klaas J. Wardenaar, J. van Os, Annelie Klippel |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Psychologische Methodenleer (Psychologie, FMG), Psychiatrie & Neuropsychologie, MUMC+: MA Psychiatrie (3), MUMC+: Hersen en Zenuw Centrum (3), Promovendi MHN, RS: MHeNs - R2 - Mental Health, Interdisciplinary Centre Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE), Clinical Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Research Program (CCNP), Section Lifespan Psychology, RS-Research Line Methodology & statistics (part of IIESB program) |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Experience sampling method SYMPTOMS STRESS REACTIVITY Datasets as Topic ESM SCHIZOPHRENIA medicine Humans psychosis network approach Applied Psychology RISK Structure (mathematical logic) Principal Component Analysis Depression Perspective (graphical) PSYCHOPATHOLOGY Top-down and bottom-up design Complex network Network dynamics medicine.disease psychiatry PREVALENCE Psychiatry and Mental health Psychotic Disorders DAILY-LIFE Schizophrenia SUBTHRESHOLD PSYCHOTIC DISORDER Female Psychology Psychopathology Cognitive psychology Clinical psychology |
| Zdroj: | Psychological Medicine, 45(11), 2375-2387. Cambridge University Press Wigman, J T W, van Os, J, Borsboom, D, Wardenaar, K J, Epskamp, S, Klippel, A, Viechtbauer, W, Myin-Germeys, I, Wichers, M & MERGE 2015, ' Exploring the underlying structure of mental disorders : cross-diagnostic differences and similarities from a network perspective using both a top-down and a bottom-up approach ', Psychological Medicine, vol. 45, no. 11, pp. 2375-2387 . https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291715000331 Psychological Medicine, 45(11), 2375-2387. CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS |
| ISSN: | 0033-2917 |
| Popis: | BackgroundIt has been suggested that the structure of psychopathology is best described as a complex network of components that interact in dynamic ways. The goal of the present paper was to examine the concept of psychopathology from a network perspective, combining complementary top-down and bottom-up approaches using momentary assessment techniques.MethodA pooled Experience Sampling Method (ESM) dataset of three groups (individuals with a diagnosis of depression, psychotic disorder or no diagnosis) was used (pooled N = 599). The top-down approach explored the network structure of mental states across different diagnostic categories. For this purpose, networks of five momentary mental states (‘cheerful’, ‘content’, ‘down’, ‘insecure’ and ‘suspicious’) were compared between the three groups. The complementary bottom-up approach used principal component analysis to explore whether empirically derived network structures yield meaningful higher order clusters.ResultsIndividuals with a clinical diagnosis had more strongly connected moment-to-moment network structures, especially the depressed group. This group also showed more interconnections specifically between positive and negative mental states than the psychotic group. In the bottom-up approach, all possible connections between mental states were clustered into seven main components that together captured the main characteristics of the network dynamics.ConclusionsOur combination of (i) comparing network structure of mental states across three diagnostically different groups and (ii) searching for trans-diagnostic network components across all pooled individuals showed that these two approaches yield different, complementary perspectives in the field of psychopathology. The network paradigm therefore may be useful to map transdiagnostic processes. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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