Gastrointestinal, Hepatic, and Metabolic Effects of Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition in Rats Infused With Tumor Necrosis Factor
| Autor: | Khursheed N. Jeejeebhoy, Ross G. Cameron, Nilima Raina |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1997 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Parenteral Nutrition medicine.medical_specialty 030309 nutrition & dietetics medicine.medical_treatment Medicine (miscellaneous) Vascular permeability Enteral administration Capillary Permeability 03 medical and health sciences Enteral Nutrition 0302 clinical medicine Internal medicine otorhinolaryngologic diseases Animals Humans Medicine Large intestine Rats Wistar Infusions Intravenous 0303 health sciences Nutrition and Dietetics Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha business.industry Stomach Organ Size medicine.disease Rats medicine.anatomical_structure Endocrinology Cytokine Parenteral nutrition Liver Body Composition 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology Tumor necrosis factor alpha Azotemia business Digestive System |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. 21:7-13 |
| ISSN: | 1941-2444 0148-6071 |
| Popis: | Background: We previously showed that continuous infusion of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in orally fed rats caused weight and muscle wasting mainly because of anorexia. However, when we tried to prevent weight loss by giving total parenteral nutrition (TPN), TNF-infused rats developed hyperglycemia, azotemia, and hepatic abnormalities. The present study was designed to determine whether the enteral (ENT) feeding resulted in fewer complications than parenteral (TPN) feeding in TNF-infused rats (100 μg/kg/d). Methods: Forty-two rats were randomly allocated to four groups as follows: controls: TPN and ENT, and TNF-infused: TPN+TNF and ENT+TNF. All groups received the same liquid defined formula diet either enterally or parenterally (isocaloric and isonitrogenous). Twenty-six rats were used for studies of body composition and metabolism and 16 for vascular permeability. Results: TPN+TNF and ENT+TNF rats showed significantly increased liver weights and significantly reduced carcass weights compared with controls. A significant reduction in the muscle weights and total protein, as well as hyperglycemia, azotemia, and abnormal liver enzymes was also seen in ENT+TNF rats compared with ENT rats. The gastric and small intestinal mucosa was inflamed in the ENT+TNF but not in the ENT, TPN+TNF, and TPN rats. The plasma TNF levels determined by bioassay were significantly increased in the TPN+TNF and ENT+TNF rats compared with controls. There was increased vascular permeability in the stomach and small and large intestine in the ENT+TNF rats compared with ENT rats. No significant changes in vascular permeability were seen in TPN and TPN+TNF rats. Conclusions: ENT, but not TPN, resulted in prominent changes in the body composition and marked metabolic effects in the TNF-infused rats. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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