The Crosstalk between Melatonin and Sex Steroid Hormones
| Autor: | José Maria Soares-Jr, Fernanda Gaspar do Amaral, José E. Cavaco, José Cipolla-Neto, Isabel Gonçalves, André Furtado, Telma Quintela, Camila Congentino Gallo, Cecília R.A. Santos |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Male
endocrine system medicine.medical_specialty medicine.drug_class Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism Placenta Biology Melatonin Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience Pineal gland Endocrinology Pregnancy GRAVIDEZ Internal medicine medicine Animals Humans Circadian rhythm Gonadal Steroid Hormones Gonads Sex Characteristics Endocrine and Autonomic Systems Sertoli cell Sleep deprivation medicine.anatomical_structure Estrogen Female medicine.symptom Menopause Spermatogenesis hormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonists Hormone medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Repositório Institucional da USP (Biblioteca Digital da Produção Intelectual) Universidade de São Paulo (USP) instacron:USP |
| ISSN: | 1423-0194 |
| Popis: | Melatonin, an indolamine mainly released from the pineal gland, is associated with many biological functions, namely, the modulation of circadian and seasonal rhythms, sleep inducer, regulator of energy metabolism, antioxidant, and anticarcinogenic. Although several pieces of evidence also recognize the influence of melatonin in the reproductive physiology, the crosstalk between melatonin and sex hormones is not clear. Here, we review the effects of sex differences in the circulating levels of melatonin and update the current knowledge on the link between sex hormones and melatonin. Furthermore, we explore the effects of melatonin on gonadal steroidogenesis and hormonal control in females. The literature review shows that despite the strong evidence that sex differences impact on the circadian profiles of melatonin, reports are still considerably ambiguous, and these differences may arise from several factors, like the use of contraceptive pills, hormonal status, and sleep deprivation. Furthermore, there has been an inconclusive debate about the characteristics of the reciprocal relationship between melatonin and reproductive hormones. In this regard, there is evidence for the role of melatonin in gonadal steroidogenesis brought about by research that shows that melatonin affects multiple transduction pathways that modulate Sertoli cell physiology and consequently spermatogenesis, and also estrogen and progesterone production. From the outcome of our research, it is possible to conclude that understanding the correlation between melatonin and reproductive hormones is crucial for the correction of several complications occurring during pregnancy, like preeclampsia, and for the control of climacteric symptoms. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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