Effects of visual and auditory knowledge of results and reward on vigilance performance
| Autor: | Roger E. Kirk, Marvin E. Grunzke, Steven C. Fischer |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1974 |
| Předmět: |
Auditory perception
Adult Male Visual perception Adolescent media_common.quotation_subject Experimental and Cognitive Psychology Stimulus (physiology) Statistical power Arousal Discrimination Psychological Knowledge of results Reward Reaction Time Effective treatment Humans Attention media_common Sensory Systems Acoustic Stimulation Research Design Auditory Perception Visual Perception Psychology Social psychology Knowledge of Results Psychological Photic Stimulation Cognitive psychology Vigilance (psychology) |
| Zdroj: | Perceptual and motor skills. 38(3) |
| ISSN: | 0031-5125 |
| Popis: | Summary.-The effects of several procedures for providing knowledge of results (KR) and monetary reward on performance of a visual vigilance task were investigated. 72 Ss monitored a simulated CRT for 3 hr. The independent variables were visual KR versus no visual KR, auditory KR versus no auditory KR, and performance-contingent monetary reward versus noncontingent monetary reward. Probability of detection was significantly higher for the knowledge of results conditions and for performance-contingent reward than for the respective control conditions. The most effective treatment combination was visual knowledge of results combined with performance-contingent reward. A vigilance task is one which requires the detection of changes in a stimulus during long monitoring periods when S has little or no prior knowledge of the sequence of changes. In general, Es have found chat performance deteriorates during a monitoring session, especially during the firsc 30 min. Toward the end of a session a slight recovery may occur (McGrath, Harabedian, & Buckner, 1959). Es have attempted to improve vigilance performance by manipulating characteristics of the signal, such as density, regularity, duration, intensity, and conspicuity and by present:ng artificial signals in addition to true signals (Buckner & McGrath, 1963; Loeb & Alluisi, 1970; Mackworch, 1970). Although positive results have been reported, in general they are of limited practical value because most display variables cannot be manipulated outside of the laboratory. Artificial signals, however, can be presented in many real life monitoring situations and a measure of their detection obtained. This suggests an alternative and more practical approach to improving performance-providing monitors with knowledge of results (KR) about detection of artificial signals. Such knowledge could have a number of desirable effects: providing information about performance, reinforcing correct behavior, increasing arousal or stimulation, producing ego involvement in the task, and increasing motivation. Mackworrh ( 1950), Baker ( 1959), and McCormadc ( 1959) have reported that KR affects vigilance performance. The present research was designed to assess the effects of several procedures for providing KR and monetary reward on performance of a visual vigilance task. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|