Rapid Progress in Immunotherapies for Multiple Myeloma: An Updated Comprehensive Review
| Autor: | Hiroko Nishida |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Cancer Research medicine.drug_class T cell autologous CAR-T cell Review Monoclonal antibody Cell therapy BiTE 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Antigen medicine Multiple myeloma B cell RC254-282 business.industry allogenic CAR-NK cell Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens Dendritic cell immunotherapies medicine.disease belanatmab mafadotin BCMA Clinical trial multiple myeloma bispecific antibody 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure Oncology ADC 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Cancer research business |
| Zdroj: | Cancers, Vol 13, Iss 2712, p 2712 (2021) Cancers |
| ISSN: | 2072-6694 |
| Popis: | Simple Summary Despite rapid advances in the development of novel agents over the last decade for the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM), MM remains an incurable disease. Therefore, the development of novel targeting therapies with different mechanisms of action is needed to achieve a deep and durable response for the cure of MM. Recently, an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), belanatmab mafadotin, which targets B cell membrane antigen (BCMA) on plasma cells, was approved for the treatment of relapsed or refractory MM in 2020. To date, immunotherapies including bi-specific or tri-specific antibodies, adoptive cellular therapy using autologous chimeric antigen (CAR)-T cells, allogeneic CAR-natural killer (NK) cells, and checkpoint inhibitors have been developed for MM, and a variety of clinical trials are currently underway or planned. This review presents an update on the most recent clinical and preclinical advances with a focus on results from clinical trials in progress with BCMA-targeted immunotherapies or the development of other novel targets in MM. Abstract Despite rapid advances in treatment approaches of multiple myeloma (MM) over the last two decades via proteasome inhibitors (PIs), immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs), and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), their efficacies are limited. MM still remains incurable, and the majority of patients shortly relapse and eventually become refractory to existing therapies due to the genetic heterogeneity and clonal evolution. Therefore, the development of novel therapeutic strategies with different mechanisms of action represents an unmet need to achieve a deep and highly durable response as well as to improve patient outcomes. The antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), belanatmab mafadotin, which targets B cell membrane antigen (BCMA) on plasma cells, was approved for the treatment of MM in 2020. To date, numerous immunotherapies, including bispecific antibodies, such as bispecific T cell engager (BiTE), the duobody adoptive cellular therapy using a dendritic cell (DC) vaccine, autologous chimeric antigen (CAR)-T cells, allogeneic CAR-natural killer (NK) cells, and checkpoint inhibitors have been developed for the treatment of MM, and a variety of clinical trials are currently underway or are expected to be planned. In the future, the efficacy of combination approaches, as well as allogenic CAR-T or NK cell therapy, will be examined, and promising results may alter the treatment paradigm of MM. This is a comprehensive review with an update on the most recent clinical and preclinical advances with a focus on results from clinical trials in progress with BCMA-targeted immunotherapies and the development of other novel targets in MM. Future perspectives will also be discussed. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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