Connecting the Neurobiology of Developmental Brain Injury: Neuronal Arborisation as a Regulator of Dysfunction and Potential Therapeutic Target
| Autor: | Helen B. Stolp, Ane Goikolea-Vives |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Dendritic spine QH301-705.5 Neuronal Outgrowth Regulator Hippocampus Dendrite Neuropathology Review Biology Catalysis Inorganic Chemistry 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Neurodevelopmental disorder medicine Animals Humans Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Biology (General) Molecular Biology QD1-999 Spectroscopy dendritic spine Axon extension Organic Chemistry Brain General Medicine Dendrites medicine.disease neurodevelopmental disorder Computer Science Applications Cortex (botany) Chemistry 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure Neuroprotective Agents nervous system dendritic arborisation Neurodevelopmental Disorders synapse formation perinatal brain injury Neuroscience 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 8220, p 8220 (2021) International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| ISSN: | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| Popis: | Neurodevelopmental disorders can derive from a complex combination of genetic variation and environmental pressures on key developmental processes. Despite this complex aetiology, and the equally complex array of syndromes and conditions diagnosed under the heading of neurodevelopmental disorder, there are parallels in the neuropathology of these conditions that suggest overlapping mechanisms of cellular injury and dysfunction. Neuronal arborisation is a process of dendrite and axon extension that is essential for the connectivity between neurons that underlies normal brain function. Disrupted arborisation and synapse formation are commonly reported in neurodevelopmental disorders. Here, we summarise the evidence for disrupted neuronal arborisation in these conditions, focusing primarily on the cortex and hippocampus. In addition, we explore the developmentally specific mechanisms by which neuronal arborisation is regulated. Finally, we discuss key regulators of neuronal arborisation that could link to neurodevelopmental disease and the potential for pharmacological modification of arborisation and the formation of synaptic connections that may provide therapeutic benefit in the future. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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