The effects of varenicline on lumbar spinal fusion in a rat model
| Autor: | Jayme C.B. Koltsov, Linda E.A. Kanim, Khosrowdad Salehi, Hyun W. Bae, Brian A. Karamian, Zachary NaPier, Ivan Cheng, Timothy Thio, Juliane D. Glaeser, Jason R. Kang |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Bone Regeneration medicine.medical_treatment Radiography Context (language use) Bone healing Palpation Random Allocation 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Postoperative Complications 0302 clinical medicine medicine Animals Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Varenicline Bone mineral Smoking Cessation Agents 030222 orthopedics Lumbar Vertebrae medicine.diagnostic_test business.industry Rats Spinal Fusion chemistry Rats Inbred Lew Spinal fusion Smoking cessation Surgery Neurology (clinical) business Nuclear medicine 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | The Spine Journal. 20:300-306 |
| ISSN: | 1529-9430 |
| Popis: | BACKGROUND CONTEXT Smoking is detrimental to obtaining a solid spinal fusion mass with previous studies demonstrating its association with pseudoarthrosis in patients undergoing spinal fusion. Varenicline is a pharmacologic adjunct used in smoking cessation which acts as a partial agonist of the same nicotinic receptors activated during tobacco use. However, no clinical or basic science studies to date have characterized if varenicline has negative effects on spinal fusion and bone healing by itself. PURPOSE Our study’s aim was to elucidate whether varenicline affects the frequency or quality of posterolateral spinal fusion in a rodent model at an endpoint of 12 weeks. STUDY DESIGN Randomized control trial. PATIENT SAMPLE Fourteen male Lewis rats randomly separated into two experimental groups. OUTCOME MEASURES Manual palpation of fusion segment, radiography, μCT imaging, and four-point bend. METHODS Fourteen male Lewis rats were randomly separated into two experimental groups undergoing L4–L5 posterior spinal fusion procedure followed by daily subcutaneous injections of human dose varenicline or saline (control) for 12 weeks postsurgery. Spine samples were explanted, and fusion was determined via manual palpation of segments by two independent observers. High-resolution radiographs were obtained to evaluate bridging fusion mass. μCT imaging was performed to characterize fusion mass and consolidation. Lumbar spinal fusion units were tested in four-point bending to evaluate stiffness and peak load. Study funding sources include $5000 OREF Grant. There were no applicable financial relationships or conflicts of interest. RESULTS At 3 months postsurgery, 12 out of 14 rats demonstrated lumbar spine fusion (86% fused) with no difference in fusion frequency between the varenicline and control groups as detected by manual palpation. High-resolution radiography revealed six out of seven rats (86%) having complete fusion in both groups. μCT showed no significant difference in bone mineral density or bone fraction volume between groups in the region of interest. Biomechanical testing demonstrated no significant different in the average stiffness or peak loads at the fusion site of the varenicline and control groups. CONCLUSION Based on the results of our rat study, there is no indication that varenicline itself has a detrimental effect on the frequency and quality of spinal fusion. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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