The Effects of Short-Term Propofol and Dexmedetomidine on Lung Mechanics, Histology, and Biological Markers in Experimental Obesity
| Autor: | Nivaldo Ribeiro Villela, Cynthia S. Samary, Raquel S. Santos, Cintia L. Santos, Vinicius C. M. Cavalcanti, Mariana M. P. N. Araújo, Lígia de A. Maia, Paolo Pelosi, Patricia R. M. Rocco, Isis Hara Trevenzoli, Pedro L. Silva, Fátima Carneiro Fernandes, Luciana Boavista Barros Heil, Hananda A Poggio |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Population Respiratory physiology Pulmonary function testing 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine 030202 anesthesiology Animals Medicine Obesity Rats Wistar Dexmedetomidine education Lung Propofol education.field_of_study business.industry Histology medicine.disease Respiration Artificial Rats Treatment Outcome Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine medicine.anatomical_structure Propofol Dexmedetomidine Obesity Anesthesia Respiratory Mechanics business Biomarkers 030217 neurology & neurosurgery medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Anesthesia & Analgesia. 122:1015-1023 |
| ISSN: | 0003-2999 |
| Popis: | Administering anesthetics to the obese population requires caution because of a variety of reasons including possible interactions with the inflammatory process observed in obese patients. Propofol and dexmedetomidine have protective effects on pulmonary function and are widely used in short- and long-term sedation, particularly in intensive care unit settings in lean and obese subjects. However, the functional and biological effects of these drugs in obesity require further elucidation. In a model of diet-induced obesity, we compared the short-term effects of dexmedetomidine versus propofol on lung mechanics and histology, as well as biological markers of inflammation and oxidative stress modulation in obesity.Wistar rats (n = 56) were randomly fed a standard diet (lean) or experimental diet (obese) for 12 weeks. After this period, obese animals received sodium thiopental intraperitoneally and were randomly allocated into 4 subgroups: (1) nonventilated (n = 4) for molecular biology analysis only (control); (2) sodium thiopental (n = 8); (3) propofol (n = 8); and (4) dexmedetomidine (n = 8), which received continuous IV administration of the corresponding agents and were mechanically ventilated (tidal volume = 6 mL/kg body weight, fraction of inspired oxygen = 0.4, positive end-expiratory pressure = 3 cm H2O) for 1 hour.Compared with lean animals, obese rats did not present increased body weight but had higher total body and trunk fat percentages, airway resistance, and interleukin-6 levels in the lung tissue (P = 0.02, P = 0.0027, and P = 0.01, respectively). In obese rats, propofol, but not dexmedetomidine, yielded increased airway resistance, bronchoconstriction index (P = 0.016, P = 0.02, respectively), tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6 levels, as well as lower levels of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2 and glutathione peroxidase (P = 0.001, Bonferroni-corrected t test).In this model of diet-induced obesity, a 1-hour propofol infusion yielded increased airway resistance, atelectasis, and lung inflammation, with depletion of antioxidative enzymes. However, unlike sodium thiopental and propofol, short-term infusion of dexmedetomidine had no impact on lung morphofunctional and biological variables. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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