Relationship of Carbohydrate Intake during a Single-Stage One-Day Ultra-Trail Race with Fatigue Outcomes and Gastrointestinal Problems: A Systematic Review

Autor: Juan Mielgo-Ayuso, Arkaitz Castañeda-Babarro, Aitor Viribay, Julio Calleja-González, Diego Fernández-Lázaro, Soledad Arribalzaga
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
Human physiology
medicine.medical_specialty
Gi symptoms
food intake
GI symptoms
marathon trail
Health
Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Carreras (Atletismo)
carbohydrates
Deportistas - Alimentación
030209 endocrinology & metabolism
Review
Maratón
Cochrane Library
Running
03 medical and health sciences
Eating
recovery
0302 clinical medicine
Gastrointestinal problems
32 Ciencias Médicas
medicine
Dietary Carbohydrates
Humans
Gi problems
Fatigue
ultramarathon
Carbohydrate intake
Nutrition
Marathon running
biology
Athletes
business.industry
Single stage
Running races
Public Health
Environmental and Occupational Health
Runners (Sports) - Nutrition
Gastroenterology
030229 sport sciences
biology.organism_classification
biology.protein
Physical therapy
Physical Endurance
Medicine
Creatine kinase
business
3206 Ciencias de la Nutrición
Athletes - Nutrition
Zdroj: Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
instname
Addi: Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
Universidad del País Vasco
Universidad de Cantabria (UC)
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 5737, p 5737 (2021)
Popis: Producción Científica
Due to the high metabolic and physical demands in single-stage one-day ultra-trail (SOUT) races, athletes should be properly prepared in both physical and nutritional aspects in order to delay fatigue and avoid associated difficulties. However, high carbohydrate (CHO) intake would seem to increase gastrointestinal (GI) problems. The main purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate CHO intake during SOUT events as well as its relationship with fatigue (in terms of internal exercise load, exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) and post-exercise recovery) and GI problems. A structured search was carried out in accordance with PRISMA guidelines in the following: Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Scopus databases up to 16 March 2021. After conducting the search and applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria, eight articles in total were included in this systematic review, in all of which CHO intake involved gels, energy bars and sports drinks. Two studies associated higher CHO consumption (120 g/h) with an improvement in internal exercise load. Likewise, these studies observed that SOUT runners whose intake was 120 g/h could benefit by limiting the EIMD observed by CK (creatine kinase), LDH (lactate dehydrogenase) and GOT (aspartate aminotransferase), and also improve recovery of high intensity running capacity 24 h after a trail marathon. In six studies, athletes had GI symptoms between 65–82%. In summary, most of the runners did not meet CHO intake standard recommendations for SOUT events (90 g/h), while athletes who consumed more CHO experienced a reduction in internal exercise load, limited EIMD and improvement in post-exercise recovery. Conversely, the GI symptoms were recurrent in SOUT athletes depending on altitude, environmental conditions and running speed. Therefore, a high CHO intake during SOUT events is important to delay fatigue and avoid GI complications, and to ensure high intake, it is necessary to implement intestinal training protocols.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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