FAK inhibition reduces metastasis of α4 integrin-expressing melanoma to lymph nodes by targeting lymphatic VCAM-1 expression
| Autor: | Kyuho Jeong, Ssang-Taek Lim, Jun-Sub Kim, Eun-Young Erin Ahn, James M. Murphy, Yelitza A.R. Rodriguez |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Integrin alpha4 Biophysics Melanoma Experimental Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 Biochemistry Article Metastasis Cell Line Focal adhesion 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Mice 0302 clinical medicine Medicine Animals Humans VCAM-1 Neoplasm Metastasis Cell adhesion Molecular Biology Lymph node Melanoma Protein Kinase Inhibitors business.industry Cell Biology medicine.disease 030104 developmental biology Lymphatic system medicine.anatomical_structure chemistry 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases Cancer research Tumor necrosis factor alpha Lymph Nodes business |
| Popis: | Malignant melanoma typically metastasizes to lymph nodes (LNs) as a primary or in-transit lesion before secondary metastasis occurs, and LN biopsy is a common procedure to diagnose melanoma progression. Since cancer metastasis is a complex process where various interactions between tumor cells and the stroma play key roles in establishing metastatic lesions, the exact mechanisms underlying melanoma metastasis to LNs remains unknown. It has been known that focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activity promotes the expression of proinflammatory vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1). As VCAM-1 is a major receptor for α4 integrin and plays a key role in leukocyte recruitment, we reasoned that inhibition of FAK activity may reduce VCAM-1 expression within LNs and thus reduce metastasis of α4 integrin-expressing melanoma to LNs. First, we found that a pharmacological FAK inhibitor, PF-271, blocked tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-mediated VCAM-1 expression on human dermal lymphatic endothelial cells (HDLECs). In vitro, PF-271 significantly decreased B16F10 melanoma adhesion to and transmigration through HDLECs compared to TNF-α treated cells. Furthermore, in vivo FAK inhibition by oral PF-271 administration reduced VCAM-1 expression in inguinal, cervical, and popliteal LNs compared to vehicle treated mice. Finally, in a footpad metastasis model, B16F10 melanoma cells were injected into the right footpad of C57BL/6 mice, and PF-271 (50 mg/kg, twice daily for 6 days) was orally administrated after 1 week of tumor transplantation. While untreated mice exhibited significant metastatic melanoma lesions in popliteal LNs, PF-271 treated mice showed only marginal melanoma metastasis. These results support the possibility that FAK inhibitors may be a novel preventative option in melanoma metastasis by blocking VCAM-1 expression in LNs. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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