Tramadol, breast feeding and safety in the newborn
| Autor: | Michael J. Paech, Brian J. Anderson, David Linscott, Greta M Palmer, Karel Allegaert |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Pediatric Surgery, Pediatrics |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Pediatrics
medicine.medical_specialty Breastfeeding 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine 030202 anesthesiology medicine Humans Contraindication Active metabolite Tramadol business.industry Codeine Contraindications Drug Infant Newborn Analgesics Opioid Breast Feeding Opioid Pediatrics Perinatology and Child Health Practice Guidelines as Topic Morphine Patient Safety business Breast feeding 030217 neurology & neurosurgery medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Archives of Disease in Childhood, 103(12), 1110-1113. BMJ Publishing Group |
| ISSN: | 0003-9888 |
| DOI: | 10.1136/archdischild-2017-313786 |
| Popis: | Tramadol has recently fallen under the same scrutiny as codeine because both drugs have an active metabolite formed by the hepatic liver enzyme cytochrome P450 (CYP)-2D6 that is subject to genetic polymorphism.1 This article considers the important differences between these two drugs. We discuss why tramadol should not have the same contraindication applied to it as codeine in the settings of breastfeeding mothers (with subsequent low newborn or infant exposure) or hospitalised neonates. A publication in 2006 reported a death of a breastfed neonate whose mother was taking codeine in the puerperium.2 The mother was a CYP2D6 ultrarapid metaboliser, which resulted in documented high morphine (codeine’s active metabolite) transferral through the breast milk. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the European Medicines Agency, and the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency subsequently published advisories. In 2012–2013, these bodies warned that codeine use was contraindicated in breastfeeding mothers. The FDA report provides references of several reports of respiratory depression in neonates as further basis for this warning.3 In 2016, the National Library of Medicine created a Drugs and Lactation metadata base (LactMed) as a subset of the Toxicology Data Network. For codeine, this cites articles and scientific meeting abstracts about plasma concentrations in a small number of breastfeeding mothers, from the same author group that reported the neonatal death.4 LactMed also references a scientific poster, where breastfeeding women who reported central nervous system depression were more likely to have CYP2D6 gene duplication.4 During the same period, deaths were reported in toddlers, and obese older children, who were using codeine as a cough suppressant or for analgesia after tonsillectomy. This led to a 2012 FDA investigation documenting 13 paediatric cases of mortality or serious morbidity.5 Some of these children were ultrarapid metabolisers, while others were extensive (normal) metabolisers, with higher … |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|