Wheat value: improvements by feed technology, plant breeding and animal genetics

Autor: Denis Bastianelli, Hervé Juin, Sandrine Mignon-Grasteau, Alexandre Péron, Bernard Carré
Přispěvatelé: Unité de Recherches Avicoles (URA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Elevage Alternatif et Santé des Monogastriques (UE EASM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), ProdInra, Migration
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2007
Předmět:
L51 - Physiologie animale - Nutrition
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences
Low protein
030309 nutrition & dietetics
Starch
Digestibilité
Triticum aestivum
Biology
03 medical and health sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
Ingredient
Nutrient
Animal science
Q51 - Technologie des aliments pour animaux
Cultivar
Amen
Plant breeding
Technologie alimentaire
ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
L02 - Alimentation animale
2. Zero hunger
[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences
0303 health sciences
Lipide
GENETIQUE ANIMALE
0402 animal and dairy science
food and beverages
04 agricultural and veterinary sciences
Amélioration des plantes
040201 dairy & animal science
Valeur nutritive
génétique animale
chemistry
Agronomy
Animal Science and Zoology
Amidon
Digestion
Alimentation des animaux
Zdroj: World's Poultry Science Journal
World's Poultry Science Journal, Cambridge University Press (CUP), 2007, 63 (4), pp.585-596
ISSN: 0043-9339
Popis: Wheat is a common ingredient in poultry diets, especially in Europe. Due to its low protein and high starch levels, wheat is essentially used as an energy supplier. Nutritional values of wheat samples vary according to their nutrient content and digestibilities. Variations of nutrient contents may be associated with cultivars and environmental conditions. Digestibility variations in growing chicks may be associated with these factors, and also, with technological treatments of diets and genetic origin of birds. Total nutrient content (starch, protein, lipids and sugars) is strongly related to fibre content through a negative relationship. A large part of fibre content variations of wheat samples depends on their cultivar origin. Wheat protein content depends both on cultivar and environmental conditions. High yield cultivars are often associated with low protein content. Lipid and starch digestibilities of wheat diets given to growing birds may sometimes be rather low. The main reason of the low lipid digestibility values observed with some wheat samples is the high viscosity of water-extract induced by their water-soluble arabinoxylans. This viscosity results from a combination of several variables including the potential applied viscosity value (PAV as mL/g) of the wheat cultivar, the endogenous and exogenous xylanases, and the endogenous anti-xylanase contents. Environmental conditions and technological treatments are major factors acting on xylanase and anti-xylanase contents. A part of wheat starch digestibility variations may be related to accessibility problems in coarse particles due to hard wheat cultivars and coarse grinding. However, coarse particles may be positive for stimulating feed intake of mash diets, and protecting against intestinal transit disorders. In growing chicks, genetic origin of birds may result in very large variations in the digestibility of wheat diets, as observed with the divergent D+ and D- "Digestion" lines selected on the digestion ability of a wheat diet. In 3 w old chickens selected over 4 generations, the AMEn value of a Rialto wheat diet was 13% lower in D- than in D+birds (P=0.0001). D- birds showed 10% variations in AMEn values between four cereal diets (P=0.0003), while D+ birds showed only 4% variations (P=0.0006). In D+ birds, AMEn values of wheat and maize diets were the same (14,488 vs. 14,538 J/g DM), while, in D- birds, AMEn values of wheat diets were 5% lower (P=0.015) than the maize diet value (13,106 vs. 13,809 J/g DM). (Resume d'auteur)
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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