Historical and current patterns of gene flow in the butterfly Pararge aegeria
| Autor: | Luca Livraghi, Roger Vila, Peter W. H. Holland, Leonardo Dapporto, Luke C. Evans, Melanie Gibbs, Vlad Dincă, Casper J. Breuker, Raluca Vodă, Tim G. Shreeve |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine Genetic diversity Ecology biology Speckled wood Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I Reproductive isolation biology.organism_classification 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Ecology and Environment Gene flow 03 medical and health sciences Phylogeography Biology and Microbiology 030104 developmental biology Evolutionary biology Genetic structure parasitic diseases Biological dispersal 14. Life underwater Zoology Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics |
| DOI: | 10.1111/jbi.13354 |
| Popis: | Aim We have investigated the phylogeography and genetic structure of the Speckled Wood butterfly (Pararge aegeria) across its entire distribution range and studied its dispersal both on mainland and across sea straits. The apparent lack of gene flow between Sardinia and Corsica was further investigated by means of mating experiments. Location Europe and North Africa Methods We sampled 345 individuals and sequenced one mitochondrial gene (Cytochrome c Oxidase subunit I, COI) for all samples and two nuclear genes (wingless and zerknullt) for a subset of the specimens. A total of 22 females from Corsica and Sardinia were used to establish a series of crosses to investigate reproductive compatibility and were screened for the presence of Wolbachia. Bayesian inference (BI) and haplotype networks were employed to infer phylogenetic relationships and a Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) was used to represent geographical patterns of genetic diversity. Mating and courtship data were analysed using linear mixed effect models. Results We detected two main COI lineages separated by the Mediterranean Sea and maintained over relatively short sea straits. While nuclear gene variation was generally in agreement with that of COI, this was not the case in all areas (e.g. Iberian Peninsula and Corsica/Sardinia). Mating experiments revealed no evidence of reproductive isolation between the lineages, nor clear relation to Wolbachia infection status. Main conclusion We propose that following the post-glacial recolonisation of Europe, the ancestral COI lineage of P. aegeria was maintained in North Africa and Mediterranean islands, while a new lineage colonised from Eastern Europe, replacing and apparently outcompeting the ancestral variant. Several hypotheses are discussed that may explain the local discordance between the nuclear genes and COI, including sex-specific dispersal, selection and differential rates of gene evolution. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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